So, thank you for coming to this presentation where I will show you some tools for environmental analysis integrated in the library ortho machine. So first of all, as Andrea will introduce myself, I'm an environmental engineer specialized

in hydrology, hydraulic and geomorphology. I have also a PhD in environmental and agriculture. Together with Andrea, we have this very small company called Hydrologist and we are now part of the GV-SIG association and I'm also an OSG chart member.

What I will show you today are some tools for environmental analysis and in particular for natural hazard mapping integrated in the ortho machine library. So second is to introduce the ortho machine library.

The ortho machine library is an open source geospatial library focused on hydrogen morphological analysis and environmental modeling. It has been developed by the university, started the development by the university of Trento, but now is completely maintained by Hydrologist and from 2015, we integrated

this library as a special toolbox inside the GV-SIG GIS. And now it is available through the GV-SIG update site.

If you install the plug-in of ortho machine in GV-SIG, you will have a new entry in the main menu of the, in the main toolbar of the GIS that is called H machine, which

contains different entries and the first one is the special toolbox, which contains the list of the models available in the ortho machine package. And then there are some additional tools to manage and analyze, easily analyze the

data and the results of the elaboration. If you open the special toolbox, you can, the application opens a new window where you will find the list of the contained modules and in particular these modules are

divided in different sections and the first one is the ortho machine, which contains tools for geomorphology analysis, then there are the raster and vector processing, the mobile tools, which contains also the basically the tools to super job apparatus application

for digital field mapping, and finally the connection with the last project, which is a library for forestry management. I will show you some example in the presentation.

If you select a model from the list of the available modules, you will have all the available options on your right and then you can fill with the parameters and then also insert the running options.

For example, the ortho machine library supports to create and run scripts, so automatic scripts and then you can do some special settings like to work in debug mode or the maximum available memory if you need more memory for your elaboration.

So let's have a look now of some of the tools that are important inside the ortho machine library for hydrogeomorphology analysis.

First of all, the geomorphology package, which contains tools to extract all the geomorphology from a digital terrain mapping, so dry net directions, total contributing areas, network and watershed extraction, and final evaluation of hydrological and geomorphological indexes.

We have a section also dedicated to statistics, which contains tools for statistical analysis of RAS data, but there are also interesting tools to interpolate the data, and in particular

the Krige model and a second model, which is called GEMI, just another meta interpolator, which can be used to interpolate meteorological variables highly dependent on elevation,

like relative humidity, temperature and pressure and so on. In the ortho machine, we developed also a model for the evaluation of the maximum discharge for a given precipitation event. The precipitation event can be a real past event or an event coming from the statistical

elaboration of the rainfall intensity duration curves, and in this case, since it can handle the precipitation, the statistical precipitation, depending on the return time, you can also

follow the rules expected by the European flood directive. So with this tool, you can do the analysis of different return times, and then you will have the discharge at your final section.

If you want to do something that is not related to hazard, but related to the evaluation of the discharge for the water management or for emergency plans, you can use another

model inside the ortho machine, which is a complete hydrological model, taking care of all the processes from the precipitation, rainfall or snow, then evapotranspiration, infiltration or runoff, and diffusion bouncing over the network.

This module can also be calibrated in different parts of the basin, if you have available some data of string gauges. And related to this, we have also a very simplified one-dimensional drowlic model,

which is based on the Sam Venant equation and uses and produces only GIS data, so you can use it inside the GIS to prepare the data and visualize the results. And in this case, you can evaluate the water depth and the velocity of the water in each

section, so you can also understand if there are some possibility for flooding or for hazard. Heat handlers also have the official inflow and outtakes. Some of the tools that can be used to prepare the data of this model can also be

used to prepare the data for the ACRAS, which is much known and much complete one-dimensional drowlic model.

In the ortho machine, we also implemented a tool for shallow stability, following the formula of Montgomery and Dietrich's shall stop model, which calculates the stability condition for the given precipitation, but also the critical rainfall precipitation

in each cell, so you can understand how your basin will work. And since we work in, we are from a mountain region, we also face the problem of debris

flow, so to evaluate the hazard and risks related to debris flow from the triggering, from the localization of the triggering through the propagation along the network and then the spread on the alluvial fund. But floods can transport not only debris, but also pieces of wood, it depends on the

availability of the biomass. And we recently deployed also a model, a series of models to evaluate the large wood debris in the rivers, so these models can evaluate, they contribute locally from the

heat slopes and from the bank erosion, and then it propagates the logs downstream along the network, since identifying the critical section and the volume of the logs

that can be accumulated in these sections. And all these elaborations are based on the availability of the biomass, so we are also part of the development of the Leicester Library in collaboration with the Free University of Bolzano, where there are tools to evaluate the availability of the biomass,

and in particular, following a single tree approach, so we can localize the tree tops and we can evaluate, we will extract the tree tops and the characteristic of each single

tree, like the height, the diameter, and the volume of the single trees from high-resolution LIDAR data. These tools work both for Leicester, the right product, and point cloud products, and can be used in the large wood model, but also for other kinds of analysis, like

rock fall protection of the forestry, and other tools that require the position of the single trees. So these were some tools, some models, integrated in the Auto Machine Library.

Regarding the other tools that you can find in GVCIG, in the GVCIG plugin of Horton Machine, one very powerful and very helpful is the Raster Map Calculator, which is a tool that

can be used to perform map algebra on raster maps. For example, you can do very complex elaboration and formula, as in this case, where we extracted on some part of the digital elevation maps, which have some spatial characteristics.

And there are all the tools in the graphical interface to facilitate the user in using this tool and avoiding some errors.

Other generic tools and utilities, for example, are the possibility to query the position, to add projection files to layer, and for example, the Raster Styler, which is available both from the menu and from the context menu of each single map.

And this tool helps to quickly define a color table for a raster layer. This is mainly dedicated to raster layers which contain data, and for example, in this case, the aspect, which is a raster layer in degrees, and with just one click, you

have your raster map styled as you are used to see the raster map, and also for the digital elevation model. So you will have your styles, and the styles will be easy to find and to apply.

Another interesting tool is when you do analysis, maybe you have to analyze a small portion of map but very in detail, so the color table is not enough to understand the

differences between the values in the cells. So you can use this raster graphic view to visualize the grid raster, the raster values, the numbers of columns and rows, but also the steepest flow between the different cells.

This tool also is available both from the menu and the context menu of the map, and this is an example of what you can visualize, only the cells, the values inside or the

rows and columns, and here you can see the steepest flow direction, and here is the output marked. And the last one is the possibility to another time, if you want to analyze in very

detail and quickly small part of maps, you can use this tool to extract a new map from a bigger one, so you can zoom on the view on the region you want to extract and use this raster tool copy, so it will copy directly the values of the raster map

in the clipboard as a raster layer, so you can paste it in one text file and save your new raster file, so very easy to create new sub-rasters, small sub-rasters,

and speed up your elaborations. So, I think this is almost all for now, and these are some links, if you will need

to join us to download the package, there is also a standalone package, so if you don't want to use the GBC, you can also use the standalone version, and we are available

in the mailing list for answering questions, and also here are our addresses. Thank you for your attention.

Okay, thank you Silvia for your fantastic presentation, and now it's time for your questions. Those morphological tools that you have in your library, is there a possibility to define

single flow direction, multiple flow directions, I'm asking, because sometimes we have to manage really large data, and to see if it's possible to use very large data in these tools. Okay, we use them with high precision LiDAR data, which are definitely big LiDAR data,

big amount of data, but in fact, the process uses the RAM, so in this case, if you have

a lot of RAM, you can do the elaboration also through big amount of data, yes. I didn't understand if you asked me about the flow direction, the multiple flow direction, yeah, we have two tools for the flow direction, the standard DH, and the other tool which

is not a multiple flow direction, but it is based on another algorithm, which is from Orlandini 2002, I think, and it is a correction of the flow direction based on the gradient of the hill slopes, so it makes the same correction as the multiple,

but based on another algorithm. Perfect, and just another little one, are there tools for 3D interpolation, like 3D rasters, I'm talking about voxel constructed data. No, no, not now.

Thank you. This side.

Yeah, but the one you are asking has the problem that the flow direction is a bit sensitive to the border, it means that if you process that side, you're not sure

that it is, it will be joined on a hydrologic level, if afterwards you need on these The new version of the repeater and the flow are very fast and less memory usage,

so I saw that definitely very big rasters were perfectly extracted, also for the flow direction. Perfect, I'm going to try it, thanks. You're welcome. Okay, thank you. Are there other questions?

No? Okay, so thank you again and let's proceed to, just give me a minute, there is a five minute time, so let's just, let's people come and then we will start with the third

presentation. Okay, thank you.