We're sorry but this page doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please enable it to continue.
Feedback

FOSS tools form modelling natural hazards

00:00

Formal Metadata

Title
FOSS tools form modelling natural hazards
Subtitle
the HortonMachine library
Title of Series
Number of Parts
295
Author
Contributors
License
CC Attribution 3.0 Germany:
You are free to use, adapt and copy, distribute and transmit the work or content in adapted or unchanged form for any legal purpose as long as the work is attributed to the author in the manner specified by the author or licensor.
Identifiers
Publisher
Release Date
Language

Content Metadata

Subject Area
Genre
Abstract
The climate change and the recent extreme events occurred all over the world draw again the attention to the natural hazards both for prevention and for management aspects. In this context, environmental modelling can help in mapping hazards and risks zones and to support decision makers in building functional infrastructures with low environment impact and for a safe urban planning. In the last decades many researchers tried to extract useful information from digital data and in particular from Digital Terrain Models (DTM) with the development of ad-hoc algorithms and tools. In the meanwhile the data availability increased and high precision DTM are available almost all over the world. The algorithms contained in the HortonMachine library are the result of more than 10 years of research, development and real application of people from different research institutes and professionals working in the field of environmental engineering. The HortonMachine library contains tools for data management, data collection in the field, and environmental modelling in particular related to hillslope stability, floods, debris flow, forestry management and woody floods.
Keywords
Natural numberHazard (2005 film)Library (computing)Form (programming)Run-time systemEndliche ModelltheorieSoftware developerField (computer science)Wechselseitige InformationHazard (2005 film)Library (computing)Natural numberPresentation of a groupVirtual machineEndliche ModelltheorieField (computer science)ForestAlgebraRun-time systemSoftware developerNoise (electronics)Computer animation
Civil engineeringMathematical analysisProcess modelingRun-time systemOpen sourceLibrary (computing)Open sourceLibrary (computing)Run-time systemSoftware developerMathematical analysisEndliche ModelltheorieUniverse (mathematics)Computer animation
Intermediate value theoremBoom (sailing)Universe (mathematics)Library (computing)Metropolitan area networkComputer animation
Suite (music)Library (computing)Process (computing)Mathematical analysisInterpolationFormal verificationComputer networkTexture mappingRaster graphicsRun-time systemSoftware developerMappingRevision controlLibrary (computing)Set (mathematics)Raster graphicsRun-time systemCartesian coordinate systemScripting languageExtreme programmingProcess (computing)ForestEndliche ModelltheoriePhysical systemSoftwareFormal verificationSuite (music)Field (computer science)Video game consoleMathematical analysisDatabaseDigitizingMetropolitan area networkLogicVirtual machineObservational studyData analysisExecution unitDataflowData managementComputer animation
Form (programming)Run-time systemSuite (music)Virtual machineCovering spaceDebuggerDifferent (Kate Ryan album)Set (mathematics)Cartesian coordinate system
File viewerMenu (computing)GeometryScripting languageSocial classCausalityMappingDatabaseCartesian coordinate systemField (computer science)Interactive televisionProjective planeDigitizingProcess (computing)Channel capacityMessage passingVirtual machineComputer animation
Letterpress printingGeometryScripting languageForm (programming)PermianModul <Datentyp>Electronic mailing listModule (mathematics)Field (computer science)Set (mathematics)Cartesian coordinate systemAsynchronous Transfer ModeProcess (computing)AlgorithmMathematical analysisElectronic mailing listSemiconductor memoryTexture mappingCalculationVector spaceRun-time systemVideo game consoleService (economics)Parameter (computer programming)Library (computing)Form (programming)Core dumpRaster graphicsVirtual machineAttribute grammarMoment (mathematics)Endliche ModelltheorieCuboidMatching (graph theory)Operator (mathematics)Internet forumComputer configurationGrass (card game)DivisorMultiplication signComputer animation
Process (computing)Game controllerRun-time systemModule (mathematics)Endliche ModelltheorieScripting languageCategory of beingVideo game consoleComputer configurationPlanningCore dumpVirtual machineLecture/Conference
Raster graphicsVector spaceProcess (computing)Texture mappingOpen sourceMobile WebDigital signalEndliche ModelltheorieGraphical user interfaceCategory of beingMathematical analysisEvent horizonSeries (mathematics)CurveDenial-of-service attackPerformance appraisalMaxima and minimaImage resolutionField (computer science)Virtual machineStatisticsHazard (2005 film)Maxima and minimaEvent horizonComputer fileDirection (geometry)Mathematical analysisRaster graphicsMobile WebCartesian coordinate systemDigitizingCore dumpSeries (mathematics)Process (computing)Texture mappingDenial-of-service attackFeldrechnerSheaf (mathematics)Population densityOperator (mathematics)ForestPlanningSet (mathematics)Procedural programmingChannel capacity
CurveDenial-of-service attackMaxima and minimaPerformance appraisalEvent horizonMathematical analysisSeries (mathematics)Computer networkDirection (geometry)Parameter (computer programming)LogicData modelGradientPrice indexStatisticsVideo game consoleFrequencyDigital object identifierExecution unitFunction (mathematics)Clique-widthHydrographLogical constantAreaDenial-of-service attackCartesian coordinate systemMaxima and minimaCASE <Informatik>Pairwise comparisonProcess (computing)Endliche ModelltheorieInheritance (object-oriented programming)DataflowLie groupMetreDistanceType theoryTheoryGroup actionFlow separationFunctional (mathematics)Subject indexingPerturbation theoryLogicGeometryMultiplication signOrder (biology)Scripting languageCore dumpTime travelDistribution (mathematics)Different (Kate Ryan album)Variable (mathematics)Parameter (computer programming)StatisticsHill differential equationCoefficientCurveScaling (geometry)HydrographClique-widthSoftwareVideo game consoleDirection (geometry)Mathematical morphologyWebsiteFluxAreaGradientLecture/ConferenceComputer animation
Hazard (2005 film)Streaming mediaComputer networkVirtual machineMaxima and minimaMultiplication signDifferent (Kate Ryan album)CASE <Informatik>DataflowStreaming mediaPropagatorAreaHill differential equationHand fanSoftwareMereologyLoop (music)Computer animation
Computer networkNichtlineares GleichungssystemAreaDataflowTotal S.A.Network topologySoftwareDataflowNichtlineares GleichungssystemAreaMetropolitan area networkComputer animationLecture/Conference
Stability theoryAlgorithmTheoryInfinityNichtlineares GleichungssystemFunction (mathematics)Population densityBoundary value problemAreaFrictionAngleData modelTheoryEndliche ModelltheorieStability theoryTexture mappingMetropolitan area networkDataflowGraphical user interfaceAlgorithmHill differential equationAreaCellular automatonResultantComputer animation
Stability theoryComputer networkPixelStability theoryThresholding (image processing)Cellular automatonSoftwareModule (mathematics)Materialization (paranormal)Computer configurationChemical equationData storage deviceAreaInformationCASE <Informatik>Field (computer science)Condition numberEvent horizonMetreMusical ensembleCartesian coordinate systemHill differential equationPixelPoint (geometry)DistanceDemosceneEntire functionComputer animation
Repository (publishing)outputVolumeParameter (computer programming)AlgorithmIterationAreaEndliche ModelltheorieHand fanBoundary value problemTexture mappingCASE <Informatik>DataflowMobile WebHazard (2005 film)CoefficientCartesian coordinate systemPoint (geometry)outputVolume (thermodynamics)DigitizingDisk read-and-write headData storage deviceComputer animation
CASE <Informatik>Event horizonResultantEvent horizonDataflowCASE <Informatik>Computer animation
5 (number)Texture mappingHazard (2005 film)CASE <Informatik>SimulationEvent horizonAreaSimulationReal numberEvent horizonDataflowEndliche ModelltheoriePerformance appraisalCovering spaceComputer animation
Process (computing)Order of magnitudeSheaf (mathematics)Event horizonComputer networkPerformance appraisalType theoryProcess (computing)TwitterEndliche ModelltheorieHill differential equationSet (mathematics)Denial-of-service attackComputer animation
Module (mathematics)Condition numberEvent horizonClique-widthConnected spaceAreaNetwork topologyBlogTotal S.A.Sheaf (mathematics)outputParameter (computer programming)Boolean algebraDiameterData modelComputer networkStreaming mediaSystem identificationHome pageWebsiteUsabilitySheaf (mathematics)PropagatorClique-widthMetropolitan area networkCondition numberLine (geometry)Water vaporSet (mathematics)Different (Kate Ryan album)AreaEvent horizonProcedural programmingSpacetimePresentation of a groupEndliche ModelltheorieLoginObservational studyNetwork topologyConnected spaceHill differential equationLengthoutputVolume (thermodynamics)SummierbarkeitBoolean algebraComputer animation
Mobile WebAsynchronous Transfer ModeUniverse (mathematics)Mathematical analysisFormal languageCodeDesign by contractEndliche ModelltheorieInternet forumFunction (mathematics)Core dumpMaxima and minimaVirtual machineDigitizingWeb 2.0Video gameOcean currentoutputAreaDenial-of-service attackLibrary (computing)Texture mappingUser interfaceOpen setModule (mathematics)Software developerHazard (2005 film)Java appletMeeting/Interview
Transcript: English(auto-generated)
So, welcome to this presentation, I'm Silvia Franceschi and the presentation will be about some phosphorgy tools for modeling natural hazards in the orthomachine library.
So let me first introduce myself. I am a co-founder of Hydrologist which is a very small Italian engineering company. I'm also known as GeoCharter member and usually develop, I'm an environmental engineer and
specialized in hydrology, hydraulic and forestry and I have a PhD in environmental and agriculture. What I do is usually to develop and study environmental models in the fields of hydrology,
hydraulic and forestry in the orthomachine library. So, what is this orthomachine library? The orthomachine library is an open source geospatial library that is focused on geomorphological
analysis and environmental modeling. Its development started in 2002 at the University of Trento in the northern Italy, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineer and these are the main steps of the development and it has been supported over the years by the University of Trento and Bolzano by two different
teams and now it is completely maintained by us in hydrology. Two important steps of the development of the orthomachine library were that in 2015
we integrated this library as a special toolbox in GVCIG available to the update manager and in 2018 we decided also to do a standalone version of the suite of the orthomachine,
so not only the applications, not only the environmental models but a set of applications to work with GIS data and to work in environmental modeling and in particular the the processes that we can study inside the orthomachine with the tools integrated in
the orthomachines are the extreme floods, debris flow, large wood floods, shallow landslides and then vegetation and forest analysis and meteorological data interpolation. But inside the orthomachine we have also other tools not only for environmental
processes but also to study urban network for designing and verification of aqueduct and wastewater systems and tools for digital field mapping and then tools for handling GIS data
in special databases as rasters and then we also developed a full scripting environment console. So the orthomachine now it's available online it has been released as a standalone
set of applications and the main applications inside the orthomachine are different and cover different kind of activities and in particular for example there is a possibility to
interact with the database we adjust spatial database in SQLite H2 and PostGIS then there are tools connected to our application for digital field mapping like this one the possibility to visualize directly a GeoPaparazzi project and another tool is the
Geoscript console where you can use the orthomachine commands and the Geoscript commands. The G form again is to interact with the GeoPaparazzi and create the forms for acquiring
the data in the field there is a tool for doing a map calculation on raster data to visualize quickly visualize a set of GIS data in a folder and to create an SLD
stylish to style both vectors and raster data and the last tool is the tool to download a TIF to create a TIF and save a TIF on your PC from a WMS service which is very useful if you work in the field or with environmental data
and finally there is the special toolbox the special toolbox is the core of the auto machine library and the auto machine application and it contains all the main
algorithms for the elaboration of both of GIS data for environmental analysis as you can see the toolbox is very easy and there is a list of the modules on the left then if you select
a module from the list you can see the module parameters and all the attributes you have to fill to run the module it's very easy so it doesn't need any special settings but there is the
possibility to set if you want to see experimental modules or not if you want to run it in a debug mode and the most important one is the allow process memory so how many memory you leave to the processes and so how it how much data can can be elaborated then there are some running
options it is possible to run the module as prepared or run an external script or save it as an as an external script to run it in the javascript control console or in other
environments regarding the modules the models integrated they are grouped in different categories the first one is really the core the auto machine core which contains the geomorphology analysis then there are some tools for raster and vector processing mobile tools for supporting
the job apparatus digital application digital map field mapping application and finally the last section which contains tools for elaborating high resolution LiDAR data in the field of forestry
so let's see some applications some tools that can be applied for natural hazard the first one is a possibility inside the auto machine to evaluate maximum discharges so the maximum
discharges can be evaluated given a real past event so a step-by-step file with the precipitation or considering extreme events evaluated using the statistical analysis of
historical series of precipitation the so-called rainfall intensity duration curves this kind of application is what it is suggested by the au flood directive so you can use this application also to follow to elaborate maximum discharges discharges following the au flooding
director so to evaluate the maximum discharge it is necessary to before to start with some geomorphology tools to extract topographic parameters from the dtm and in particular
for the flow direction the network and other geomorphological parameters all these parameters can be used also in other hydrogen morphology tools to evaluate some hydraulic and hydrologic
parameters and index indexes like the gradient of the hill slopes the topographic index and other parameters and the distance to outlet then we will need the statistic or either the
step-by-step precipitation or the statistical analysis of precipitation and in particular we need the coefficient a and then of the rainfall intensity duration curve this can be evaluated if you have all the statistical data of precipitation in a script in the javascript
console and then there is the real hydrological model which is called peak flow peak flow is a distributed hydrological model based on the theory of geographic instantaneous
unit hydrograph and the width function and it calculate the maximum discharge based on the geographic instantaneous unit hydrograph and the this guh is calculated using the width function which is based on the scale distance to the outlet this precipitation are considered
constant maximized but constant and the model consider two types of flow the superficial flow where the sites are situated saturated and such superficial fluxes where we do not have
saturation in unsaturated areas this is an example of application we consider the geology and then all the hydrological indexes and the variables that we calculated using the horton machine to evaluate the maximum discharge for different return times in this case
50 100 and 200 years so since we live and work in the mountains we have also to face the problem of debris flow and in this case we develop some tool to evaluate the
possibility of debris flow to start along the stream river network or to and then propagate along the stream river or to be triggered on the hill slopes and propagate along the river
and then also a tool to evaluate the the area that is covered by the material on the alluvial alluvial fan so the first the first part is to identify the triggers
along the network so where in inside the the network it is possible that a debris flow will start and this has been will be made by using the Zimmerman equation which is which is based on the total contributing area
and the local slope then we want to evaluate the possibility for a debris flow to start on the hill slopes and first of all we have to evaluate the stability of the hill slopes the stability of the hill slopes can be evaluated using the algorithms Charles tab
which is a based on the theory of Montgomery and Dietrich uses an infinite slopes is a slope model and a simple hydrographic hydrological model and the result is a map of in stable
areas and a map with the different precipitation that gives the stability of the of the cell this is for example an example of the graphical interface and the two resulting maps
of the stability for the given precipitation and the threshold stability to have the threshold precipitation to have the stability in that cell
once you have the pixel that are stable or unstable on the hill slopes we need to evaluate if these areas can be can reach the rivers and then be propagated downstream in the river so we integrated a module that evaluates the possibility for triggers on the hill slopes to
reach the network and go downstream so it considers only unstable pixels in an area around the network which depends on your local condition usually it's
25 50 meters it depends on field data and then in the path from the the starting point from the trigger to the network there is a possibility for the for for the material to to go on and reach the network to halt over the run-out
distance but accumulating the material down scene or either to run out over the run-out distance but not accumulating all these different options are based on local slope
this is for example an example of the application of merging the unstable area with the pixel that that can reach the network and then again we can apply this tool to
understand if it is possible for the for each triggers reaching the network to go downstream in the network and all this information are based also again on local slopes and in this case
again we have the three conditions unconditional clean movement and then stopping or accumulating the soil this is an example of the application of an entire valley in Trentino so and then there is also a model to
evaluate once the material reaches the lubiar fan how it will be spread on the lubiar fan so to definitely make the boundaries of the hazard map and this considers as input the volume of the
debris flow the mobility coefficient the starting point the digit and the digital terrain model and this model is not a 3d model is only a dermatological model this is an application of this model and this is another use case we applied this tool some years ago on
a valley in Trentino and we found some results and last year during the the autumn
we had a big event in the north in Italy so we had we had problem of debris flow as in this case and this was the map that that we created using our tools and this is the
simulation of the event so as you see the the simulation even if it is only geomorphological considers all the area covers all the area that will be covered by the real debris flow the last thing i want to show you is we have also model for the evaluation
of large wood floods and we consider two types of processes the large wood recruitment from the bank erosion and then also from the hill slopes and these are a set of tools
it is a complete procedure split by sub models so they are very easy tools and we evaluate the bank erosions and the hill slopes input and then based on these on different kind of model we extract for the hill slope the vegetation present in the
unstable area and the area that are connected to the river and so can contribute to the wood in the river this is an example of and the trees that are that that are in unstable
and connected areas and this is an example of the sum of the contributes in each section of the hill slopes and bank erosion the trees from isopendent and bank erosion and now and finally we do the propagation downstream with a very easy simple boolean
transport condition based on the ratio between the length of the log and the width the width and the width of the section and also the depth of the the water and the depth of the water is calculated using an hydraulic model integrated in this and finally we can find
the clogging section the section where the the logs will be blocked and also the volumes of the logs in each section so this is all and thank you for your attention
one more question if someone want to add the new modules which language should be used and how to do we have all the um the code in github so every contributor is very welcome and we use java
so if you want to develop if you have some models in java we are very pleased to have to have your contribute and it is also possible to contribute to some model using the scripting
if they are very easy models and so you can really decide i'm not the real the the developer of the base of the core of the auto machine that it is andrea and maybe he wants to add something just one thing we have some of you so if you have a c written library that then just
needs a simple user interface and attaches to the c library we can help you out with that and we will have the but you need to have the idea of what the inputs and outputs are but
then it's very easy to attach also the c library otherwise it would be best thank you thank you i just have a scenario i want to to mention it and i want to see if the tool can help
uh to achieve uh let's say uh i want to create a flood hazard map of a certain area and i only have a digital efficient model or maybe i have lots of data then i just want to input it to to the library and get a flood the other map was a
an output can okay to do an hydrological analysis you need the digital terrain model and that's fine you have that but you also need the uh rainfall the precipitation the hydrological
models so you need to have an idea of the precipitation of or if you have if you have to measure a precipitation and try to measure also the discharge and understand calibrate the model using your own data and then the geology is important and you don't
you don't have to have only the dtm the local dtm where where you want to evaluate the where there is the outlet but you need the dtm of the whole basin so i don't know
if you have a basin which is some square kilometer you need the whole dtm you're welcome just to add it we also use the this tool to evaluate maximum discharges all over the world
for example in tibet and we didn't have so many data we use the digital terrain model with open data and also open hydrological uh hydrological data of precipitations and
it works well they were very happy to do that okay