The practical applications of contact-free laser micro-manipulation to in vitro fertilization are demonstrated. The UV laser microbeam and IR laser optical tweezers are shown in conjunction with an optical microscope. The techniques illustrated include use of laser scissors for blastomere fusion in murine 2-cell embryos, opening of the oocyte zona pellucida to facilitate sperm penetration and immobilization of sperm by tail excision. The use of tweezers is shown for trapping and dragging active sperm, holding them in the optical plane as well as performing force measurements for sperm motility. Both techniques are used as a "non-contact" option in artificial fertilization to facilitate sperm-oocyte fusion. The video shows mainly microscopic shots, but also explains some technical procedures by means of animation sequences. |