Nematophagous fungi belonging to the basidiomycete genus Nematoctonus trap and consume soil nematodes. They do this by means of two alternative strategies: one predatory and one endoparasitic. This is illustrated in Nematoctonus leiosporus, Nematoctonus concurrens and Nematoctonus robustus. Depending on environmental conditions, conidia germinate to form mycelia on which hourglass-like sticky traps develop or their conidia develop similar traps directly on short germ tubes.