With the arrival of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, artificial intelligence has seemingly reached a tipping point. LLMs are a kind of generative AI trained to produce new data that is statistically similar in structure to the data on which it was trained. Other well-known examples of such AIs are the image-generating DALL·E and Stable Diffusion. As these AIs appear poised to disrupt and revolutionize many areas of science and industry, it is important for us to appreciate the power and the limitations of this technology. This panel discussion will explore such issues concerning generative AI. The conversation will open with a panel of experts with a wealth of experience in computer science. They will provide insight into the theory of generative AIs, provide a brief history of the field, and examine the different ways in which engineers can build such systems. The discussion will highlight the enormous power of these systems, while also tackling provocative questions. For example: Are LLMs capable of actual reasoning or are they simply extremely good at sophisticated pattern matching? What happens when the internet is flooded with data generated by generative AIs? Will the next generation of such AIs begin to train themselves on content they produce, causing them to amplify their own errors and mistakes? Finally, what does generative AI tell us about how the human brain works? Moderator: Anil Ananthaswamy Panelists: Sanjeev Arora Sébastien Bubeck Björn Ommer Margo I. Seltzer The 10th Heidelberg Laureate Forum took place from September 24–29, 2023. #HLF23 The Heidelberg Laureate Forum (HLF) is an annual networking conference where 200 carefully selected young researchers in mathematics and computer science spend a week interacting with the laureates of the most prestigious awards in their disciplines: the Abel Prize, ACM A.M. Turing Award, ACM Prize in Computing, Fields Medal, IMU Abacus Medal and Nevanlinna Prize. The opinions expressed in the videos do not necessarily reflect the views of the Heidelberg Laureate Forum Foundation or any other person or associated institution involved in the making and distribution of these videos.