In this talk, we examine how high performance computing has changed over the last 40-years and look toward the future in terms of trends. These changes have had and will continue to have a significant impact on our numerical scientific software. A new generation of software libraries and algorithms are needed to effectively use the high performance computing environments in use today. The 9th Heidelberg Laureate Forum took place from September 18–23, 2022. #HLF22 The opinions expressed in the videos do not necessarily reflect the views of the Heidelberg Laureate Forum Foundation or any other person or associated institution involved in the making and distribution of these videos.