English | English The film shows the process of chip formation in the orthogonal cutting of a polished and etched specimen consisting of the forging alloy AlCuMgPb. Owing to the coarse-crystalline structure of the alloy and the randomly oriented crystallites whose grain sizes are, in part, many times the thickness of individual chips, there is a correspondingly irregular variation in the resultant chip formation with the rake angle affecting the type of stresses and strains imposed on the material, that is to say the ratio of upsetting action to wedge action so that, with smaller and eventually negative rake angles, the chips become more irregular and change with increasing width of variation from flow chips to shear chips. |