Rural water supply mapping by using FOSS4G application in Rwanda
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| Number of Parts | 351 | |
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| License | CC Attribution 3.0 Unported: You are free to use, adapt and copy, distribute and transmit the work or content in adapted or unchanged form for any legal purpose as long as the work is attributed to the author in the manner specified by the author or licensor. | |
| Identifiers | 10.5446/68989 (DOI) | |
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| Production Year | 2022 |
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Transcript: English(auto-generated)
00:00
My name is Dusebe Larissa, I'm going to present about the rural water mapping using Phosphogee in Rwanda. And I'm here with my colleague, Jean Igarashi, a Phosphogee software developer, and also I did this presentation with Moizi Rangunda, our MIA specialist. So Rwanda is located in the central eastern part of Africa.
00:24
It has a population of 13 million, and for the last two decades we had an economic growth of 7%, and it was ranked as one of the safest countries in Africa. So I work in WSAC, it's a water and sanitation corporation, and this entity was set up to
00:42
manage water and sanitation services in Rwanda, and we have a target to reach 100% household access to improved sources of drinking water by 2024. So WSAC is a state-owned enterprise. So it's under the Ministry of Infrastructure, and it has two main departments.
01:05
The first one is urban water and sanitation services, and this department is a service provider to urban areas and Kigali, the capital city. And the second department is rural water and sanitation services, which support the
01:20
district, because in my country rural water services are owned by the district, and the rural water department comes in as a support. And for daily operation and maintenance, the district have contract with private operator to deliver services to the population. So in all, the department comes in to support both the district and private operators.
01:46
So what we basically do, we develop guideline, operation and maintenance manual, management of monthly report, we help in service delivery, and also we do inventory and mapping of all water supply system.
02:02
So how do we reach 100% access to water, to all household access to water supply systems? We needed to know the current asset we had. So to do so, a GIS database was created, and all water supply system was inventorated.
02:24
And this process was supported by the project for strengthening the operation and maintenance of rural water supply system in Rwanda. It's a JICA project. So why is it important to map? Because in water supply system, we need to integrate.
02:44
It helps to integrate with water access target, and it helps information being simultaneously available to relevant department, district authorities, and decision-making organs. It helps prioritize focus area and coordinate intervention.
03:01
Because if you have a map of all your assets, you can easily localize areas with low access to water infrastructure. And also it helps in daily operation, maintenance, evaluation, and planning, which all of these contribute to increase the water accessibility.
03:23
So this process was done in three phases. The first phase was about to the project implementation in pilot district to assess the feasibility of the project. And the second phase, it was applied to the entire country. And the last phase was the vector tile implementation.
03:46
So for data collection, the department allocated engineers each district to map. And we had the training on GIS, GPS, and the entire country was mapped in nine months. So we used GPS, QGIS, QField, and PostGIS.
04:04
And now all engineers can use QGIS. We have a centralized PostGIS database. Inventory report can be created in our system. We have a shapefile for hydraulic simulation and data and Python script on open sources.
04:21
So this is how the data collection was done. We used the GPS gamut to collect the location and the QField to collect the attribute information on each water supply system asset. And we used the satellite imagery autofoto to correct the GPS errors.
04:41
And also it was merged to QGIS. And we used the geopackage of the same data structure with PostGIS so it was easy to copy and paste to the GIS database. And also because some water supply system are in remote area with low connectivity, so we needed to create offline access to the database.
05:03
So it was done by running the Python script created by Gene to transform the GIS database to offline GIS data set and upload it to Google Drive. And then any stakeholder can get it through his phone or the laptop. And also engineers keep updating the data on a quarterly basis.
05:28
So what we managed to achieve, first of all, all water supply system was mapped from source to the endpoint and the data was cleaned so that we can minimize the human errors
05:40
and facilitate hydraulic simulations. And also people can have access offline for daily operation and maintenance. Here we talk basically of private operators as they need it on daily monitoring and operation activity. And also we have offline data updating.
06:03
The operation and maintenance is easy. And monitoring and evaluation of water access was made easier and decision-making organs, it helps decision-making organs to plan accordingly. So for decision-making organs, they don't need to go into details,
06:24
technical details. So this system created the inventory report for each district which can be made available to the decision-making organs and make their decision effective. So mapping is a continuous activity.
06:41
So we mapped all assets of water supply systems such as pipeline, household connection, public tap, water kiosk, industrial connection, all type of chambers available on each water supply system. And from May when we started 2019, we recorded 1,058 water supply systems.
07:03
But as for August 2022, we've had 1,109 water supply systems. And the length due to rehabilitation, new construction of water supply systems, we moved from 1,388 to 15,952.
07:23
And all this data can be available. And this is our system structure for data collection. As I said, we use a GPS, Qfield and QGIS. We have a GIS database, and there was a script to update vector tiles
07:41
automatically to Mapbox vector. And since Mapbox is no longer an open source, we transfer to Maplib. And also there is a way to get offline access to the database. So this is how the database is designed. Every asset table is linked to the water supply system table,
08:06
and every water supply system table is linked to the district table. So it's easier to manipulate and analyze the data wherever the area you want to focus on. And every water supply system asset has attributes.
08:22
For example, for pipeline, we have material, we have the air of construction, we have the pressure, we have all the air of rehabilitation, all attributes necessary for hydraulic simulation. So this is our data in Qfield.
08:40
If you want to have access on it, you can scan this QR code. And also, we have open-ended data, and we can use QGIS, Q beta plugin in QGIS for hydraulic simulation. So why did we choose vector tiles? Because it's light and fast to render map on browser,
09:03
it's flexible to change the styling of map and operation cost is much cheaper. We have no operation cost. So this is the demo of our data. You can scan the QR to have access on it. And also, we upgraded from graphic user interface to map lib.
09:24
And you can install our app on Android or Apple phone. So this system was developed by the JICA expert, Ginni Garashi, an MIS specialist, and a combined open source open data in GitHub pages platform
09:41
to publish the system for free of charge. And those stakeholders can see raw water supply network in the entire country. And the automated update of vector tiles is done every week. And cost of operation and maintenance is free. So the challenge we encountered while wanting to utilize the GIS,
10:07
it's because of the cost, because we needed a license to have access on it, and we needed to have our own server. We had poor internet. But the advantage of using open source and open data
10:21
is that it's free of charge. It's open source. It doesn't require high skills. You can teach yourself. And also, it keeps the motivation to update as the budget available goes to the updating process. And also, the GIS administrator can concentrate more
10:42
for the maintenance of the GIS database. So vector tiles are really important in the water sector. Because for engineers, it can enhance the distribution management, and it helps in the reduction of non-revenue water. And flow plumbers, it helps them get information
11:03
without going to the field. And for meter reader, it makes it efficient. And for customer care, they are able to provide accurate information to the client. And for the manager, they are able to make effective future planning and decision.
11:21
And also, it allows the synergetic effect for future development. So our data also are open data. It has been synchronized to open Africa so anyone can get access on it. So as a conclusion, development is about the lives people lead.
11:41
And through the use of Phosphorgy, Rwanda has been able to assess, operate, maintain, monitor, evaluate, and plan for 100% water access. And we are really grateful for everyone who contributes to a Phosphorgy, as it allows developing country to have access
12:01
to cutting-edge technology. And these are the pictures of my country. If you have time, you can visit. We are very welcome. And murakose kyani, thank you very much for your attention.