Environmental monitoring management of waste from large excavations due to infrastructure buildings
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Number of Parts | 351 | |
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License | CC Attribution 3.0 Unported: You are free to use, adapt and copy, distribute and transmit the work or content in adapted or unchanged form for any legal purpose as long as the work is attributed to the author in the manner specified by the author or licensor. | |
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00:00
NetzwerkverwaltungIntegrated development environmentBuildingArchaeological field surveyVolumeVideo trackingProcess (computing)Mathematical analysisPhase transitionObservational studyTemporal logicOpen sourceMultiplicationGUI widgetSoftwareComputer hardwareUmweltkontrolleProjective planeMathematical analysisProcess (computing)DialectMetreIntegrated development environmentDifferent (Kate Ryan album)NetzwerkverwaltungArchaeological field surveyGame controllerSampling (statistics)VolumeData miningObservational studyLinearizationVery-high-bit-rate digital subscriber lineProper mapVolume (thermodynamics)AuthorizationGrothendieck topologyWebsiteTrailBuildingPhase transitionMereologyRegulator geneComputer animation
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Archaeological field surveyMobile WebTransport Layer SecurityMusical ensembleWebsitePhysical systemComputer animation
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Mobile WebTransport Layer SecurityContinuous functionPoint (geometry)Process (computing)Archaeological field surveyPerformance appraisalIn-System-ProgrammierungMultiplicationArchaeological field surveyAsynchronous Transfer ModeSoftwareAnalytic continuationAlgorithmMultiplication signProcess (computing)LaserComputer animation
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Archaeological field surveyTransport Layer SecurityPhase transitionAreaConstraint (mathematics)Process (computing)Point cloudComputer networkMultiplicationPerformance appraisalIn-System-ProgrammierungArchaeological field surveyPhase transitionAreaData miningMultiplication signWebsiteOpen setComputer animation
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VolumeVideo trackingApproximationAreaAverageDimensional analysisTraffic reportingTransportation theory (mathematics)DivisorRow (database)AverageEstimatorVolumeAreaCubeWebsiteNetzwerkverwaltungProjective planeMeasurementVolume (thermodynamics)Form factor (electronics)MetreTransportation theory (mathematics)Data miningComputer animation
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VolumeRaster graphicsTraffic reportingTransportation theory (mathematics)Video trackingEstimationPerformance appraisalNumberDifferent (Kate Ryan album)MereologyEstimatorResultant1 (number)MetreComputer animation
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AverageApproximationVolumeVideo trackingTransportation theory (mathematics)DivisorRaster graphicsWebsiteCross section (physics)AverageDifferent (Kate Ryan album)Endliche ModelltheorieMetreComputer animation
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VolumeRaster graphicsTraffic reportingTransportation theory (mathematics)Video trackingData modelApproximationTransport Layer SecurityAverageDivisorMereologyCubeMetreComputer animation
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VolumeRaster graphicsTraffic reportingTransportation theory (mathematics)Video trackingData modelAverageApproximationDivisorArchaeological field surveyPerformance appraisalMathematical analysisTransport Layer SecurityBuildingMobile WebEndliche ModelltheorieLatent heatAlgorithmAxiom of choiceIntegrated development environmentOperations support systemWebsitePoint (geometry)Product (business)Characteristic polynomialComplex analysisProcess (computing)SoftwareRadio-frequency identificationLocal GroupSoftwareOpen setSound effectProjective planeCharacteristic polynomialEndliche ModelltheorieProcess (computing)Axiom of choiceWebsiteComputer hardwareIntegrated development environmentMultiplication signArchaeological field surveyMobile WebService (economics)Product (business)Form factor (electronics)Mathematical analysisComplex analysis1 (number)Slide ruleComputer animation
Transcript: English(auto-generated)
00:01
Good morning to all. And in this work, we show a project that we should add the environmental regional agency of Tuscany as for the environmental monitoring
00:25
of rocks excavated from a large infrastructure building. And I have some problem with the mouse.
00:42
It might work. Let's try with this. This one is better. OK. And at first, I will show some little data from the high speed Florence Railway Station project
01:02
and also rock management plan. After this, we will concentrate about the 3D survey technologies available that we tested. And we also give some detail about the processing
01:24
of all the other scans with both commercial and for solutions. And at the end, we performed a cost benefit analysis of the old solution tested.
01:42
The Florence Underground Railway Station is a project started in 2003. And three, excavation started in 2010. It's a very well known project issued by Norman Foster
02:02
and Patrick's study. Instructed volumes are expected to be quite huge since the quarter difference between the topsoil and floor plan would be around the 25 meters.
02:23
So for compliance with national environmental regulation, the planners have to do a rocks management plan.
02:46
If rocks can be classified as aggregated, they can be used in the environmental restoration project. Otherwise, they have been disposed in the charges.
03:05
And the management plan provides a three phases disposal of earth rocks inside an exhausted linear mine site
03:20
nearby at about 50 kilometers from site one. And the role of environmental regional agency is various since we are in charge of analysis
03:45
of earth rock samples. We are also in charge of a generic environmental control mainly on the underwater pollutions. And after this, last but not least, we have to deal with the earth rocks,
04:03
volume tracking between the two sites since we had to prove that no other earth rocks would be disposed at the final site without proper authorization.
04:24
And these two are the site on the left, site one. We have the underground railway station. And on the right, the Santa Barbara exhausted mine at phase zero before topsoil vegetation
04:44
removal. After vegetation removal, we would have the phase one, that is the refilling with railway station after rocks. And our monitoring plan at the moment
05:02
stopped at phase one since phase two is ongoing. We wish to test many instrumentation both terrestrial analysis scanners and RPAS.
05:23
RPAS mainly at the Santa Barbara site. Our goals were testing of available technologies in both underground and open air environments
05:40
and also testing of both commercial and false processing software. Following this testing phase, we have been able to do a cost band
06:03
if it analysis in both the survey operations and processing operation of survey data and also some evaluation about precision of the value system
06:21
and use. We see the two phases of work at site one at the railway station. In phase one, 10 meters slab of earth and rocks
06:40
have to be excavated. And after phase one in site one, this volume would have been disposed on the five subareas of site two.
07:04
The underground station poses us some challenges. It is a very huge site, but being some places underground, we had to use laser scanner systems.
07:28
And we use a mobile one and a traditional tripod mounted
07:42
one. Since we have a commercial software for the alignment of the scans that OLLI supports, ICP algorithm, we have to do some manual works.
08:05
And so we found that the mobile one outperforms the tripod mounted one in both time for survey
08:22
and processing time. Also, the mobile and the laser scanner allows us with its continuous acquisition mode and precision due to the spanning of the laser beam.
08:46
And as for the precision of the two laser scanner instruments, we found that eight differences are very low.
09:00
With this alignment tool provided by the commercial software, eight differences are under five centimeters. In site two, we have a huge area subdivided
09:25
in five working phases for phase one. So we can use without problems a traditional tripod mounted terrestrial laser scanner.
09:46
And being the exhausted mine in open air, we also tried to do some PAS survey. And so we found that acquisition time is very low.
10:07
Since in about half an hour, we can survey the whole area at phase one. In phase zero, we had to do five different surveys
10:23
taking about three or four hours. Let's see something about the precision. We found that the difference in an altered sub-area
10:46
is between 10 and 30 centimeters, between LPAS profile and terrestrial laser scanner. At one, as for the TLS processing at site one,
11:10
we estimate an alignment scan time of 10 minutes for each scan pair.
11:22
And so if we use the entire full precision survey with 240 scans, we have a very huge time
11:48
for scans alignment. With the slower precision, we limit ourselves to five hours for these scans.
12:05
And so we asked ourselves if we can find a solution for lowering this time, the 40-hour time,
12:28
with force software that would support automatic alignment of scans.
12:43
In particular, we tested the two solutions, these two, while for PCS, in its version, the super for PCS is not recommended
13:01
for scans with many dispatching point clouds. The improved ICP that we found in this library, in the point cloud tools for MATLABs, worked well, since it aligns perfectly to scans here,
13:26
to scans on the central sector of the railway station. And it showed a quick convergence.
13:41
Let's pass it to the estimation of extracted and the dispossessed volumes. The extracted volume can be estimated starting from the raw measures. And partially reported measures by project managers
14:02
are 168,000 meters cubed. And after transportation phase, considering the form factor of 1 and 30, we had an increase
14:20
of the dispossessed volume. And the exhausted mine, in the exhausted mine site also, we can estimate the approximate area and the average expected data between two meters and half
14:40
and one meter and half using these two values. We perform a preliminary evaluation. I had to point out that these ones are not official results.
15:07
And we found that the quota difference between topsoil at phase zero and topsoil at phase one is about eight meters instead of 10.
15:25
So that if we do a new estimation at meters of eight, we found this value. But considering that at the borders for a length of about 100 meters in the two part,
15:44
we had only four meters eight difference. So we had to reduce our estimation to a number that is comparable to the one reported at phase one. In Sartre Barbara site, we, in these two cross sections
16:06
over the two models, the first is the LaCie Scanner one and the second, the RPAS one. We found an average quota difference about two meters and half, which
16:23
is consistent with the value estimated here with the first number. And we also perform an evaluation on QGIS
16:45
by simply subtracting the two models. And we found a value that is quite higher than this one. But we can think that since we have some parts
17:05
with negative height, from this data, we should subtract. Thank you very much. We should subtract a value that can be about 30,000 meter
17:26
cubes. So we have a value of 200,000 that is greater than that is around this one.
17:43
But we have to check for the, we have to check if the evaluated form factor is consistent with this data. Concluding, we found in our project
18:04
that both RPAS and LaCie Scanner allows to obtain precise 3D models for Earth rocks,
18:22
environmental monitoring, ability site, and the choice of RPAS instead of LaCie Scanner can be enforced by site characteristics. Since obviously underground is using an RPAS
18:51
can be challenging. And forced solutions allows the usage
19:02
of cutting edge technologies if they are not available on commercial products. And as for the cost benefit analysis, RPAS are effectively, cost effective solution
19:30
in open air service and outperform the terrestrial LaCie Scanner. If automatic scanning alignment tools are not available
19:45
and also mobile LaCie Scanner outperforms the terrestrial ones in survey time, in underground at the cost of a more complex resource consuming processing, since they require
20:05
a specialized hardware and software. Thank, many thanks for your attention. And I cite in this slide the other participant
20:21
to this project, who are the colleagues of RPAT. And special thanks must also be issued to RFI for their support in topographic surveying
20:40
and micro gel tool for instrumentation borrowing and software tutoring and support too.