We're sorry but this page doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please enable it to continue.
Feedback

Automatic assessment of lake health status using an open source approach: Lugano lake case study

00:00

Formal Metadata

Title
Automatic assessment of lake health status using an open source approach: Lugano lake case study
Title of Series
Number of Parts
351
Author
Contributors
License
CC Attribution 3.0 Unported:
You are free to use, adapt and copy, distribute and transmit the work or content in adapted or unchanged form for any legal purpose as long as the work is attributed to the author in the manner specified by the author or licensor.
Identifiers
Publisher
Release Date
Language
Production Year2022

Content Metadata

Subject Area
Genre
Abstract
Automatic assessment of lake health status using an open source approach: Lugano lake case study Lakes are a fundamental resource with a number of environmental benefits and with a not negligible influence on the local economy and on the quality of life. They work as a storage of water when floods or droughts occur, in the first case, they are useful to laminate the excessed flux of water, in the second as water supply during shortages. In addition, they influence the filling of groundwater and they play a role in the preservation of the general habitat biodiversity. From an economical point of view, they are an attraction for tourism, residential living as well as a source of recreation and of work for fishers. Unfortunately, climate changes together with human activities are more and more threatening such resources modifying the known dynamics and affecting the general health status of lakes (Fenocchi et al. 2018; Free et al. 2021; Lepori et al. 2018). In this context, the INTERREG project SIMILE (System for the Integrated Monitoring of Insubric Lakes and their Ecosystems), born from the collaboration between Italy and Switzerland, aim at developing an information system using an open source approach and based on innovative technologies to help decision maker in the management and evaluation of the status of the transboundary and sub-alpines lakes such as Lake Maggiore, Lugano and Como. The SIMILE project wants to intensify the monitoring of these lakes by creating an open real-time monitoring system and by integrating data coming from different sources in order to create the possibility to fully exploit the potential with the heterogeneity of the available information and better studying the resource. The work presented in this paper is focused on the achievements reached by the research carried out on lake Lugano in the context of the SIMILE project after two years of work. In particular, the presented research is oriented on the automatic generation of some indicators that are usually calculated to evaluate the lake status through the use of open standard, software and hardware. Lake Lugano is a transboundary lake divided in two main watersheds, North and South, respectively with an area of 27.5 Km2 and 21.4 Km2 and a maximum depth of 288 and 89 m. It is a eutrophic lake which has a critical health status in particular during the 70s, but thanks to new regulations and to the mitigation actions studied by the Swiss administration it is recovering. One of the fixed targets is to reach 150 gC/y which corresponds to a mesotrophic status. This value gives information about the metabolism activity of the lake and can be calculated using different approaches. At this moment, on lake Lugano, to get such information monthly campaign according to the Nielsen method (Nielsen, 1952). This approach is the one recognized by the administration and it is conducted by specialist limnologists. However, it has some issues that can be synthetized in three points: 1) it needs the use of radioactive components; 2) it is quite expensive in terms of man hour and the engagement of an external laboratory to analyze such kind of special samples; 3) since it has a monthly temporal resolution it needs mathematical model to interpolate data between the different campaigns. According to this overview, the proposed paper wants to investigate a fully open web solution in order to calculate indicators that can help in understanding the health status of the lake and try to solve the individuated limits that are currently affecting the water monitoring. Such an open platform uses open standards as the Sensor Observation Service (SOS) of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) to integrate different sources of data and to offer the possibility to gather the information in a standardized way. Thanks to this achievement, it was possible to develop. The scope is to standardize the calculations and provide a solution where indicators can be calculated automatically saving also time since the traditional process. Potentially such an approach could calculate in real-time the indicators thanks to the use of the LISTEN/NOTIFY feature which exists in PostgreSQL, the database technology on which the platform is based. Finally, in this paper is presented the preliminary results of the development of a new algorithm to calculate the lake metabolism which can, if validated, offer a new approach that can solve the individual issue of the current one. Basically, the developed open monitoring system implemented and deployed on the lake offers real-time data The platform is composed of dockerized and specialized services in order to offer a suite that is easily replicable, scalable and upgradeable. In conclusion, an overview of the results reached during these years of project is presented. Such a solution increases the replicability of the system since it is fully open and guarantees the openness of data, source code, standards and also the hardware part. Such technologies help in developing an automatic system that can calculate indicators to help decision makers in managing the water resource and scientists to better study the new unknown dynamic and facing the new challenges to which lakes are exposed.
Keywords
Integrated development environmentOpen sourceWater vaporSystem programmingData managementSeries (mathematics)Water vaporMeasurementData warehouseComputer programmingInformationConcentricOpen sourceAdditionSystem programmingComputer fileParameter (computer programming)Component-based software engineeringCore dumpTime seriesState observerPoint (geometry)Context awarenessProjective planeOpen setOrder (biology)MereologyINTEGRALDifferent (Kate Ryan album)Online helpRegulärer Ausdruck <Textverarbeitung>Service (economics)Decision theoryFile formatFrequencyPresentation of a groupGoodness of fitMixed realityAreaSimilarity (geometry)Real-time operating systemTransmitterSlide ruleComputer animation
Data analysisInternet service providerThermal conductivityMeta elementVolumeStability theoryUser profileFrequencyCalculationWater vaporPopulation densityCondition numberData Analyzer <Programm>Mathematical analysisPrice indexProfil (magazine)PhysicalismScripting languagePlug-in (computing)Natural languageResultantDampingSystem programmingOpen sourceOrder (biology)Library (computing)WärmestrahlungWeb 2.0Data Encryption StandardPoint (geometry)FrequencyStability theoryComputer animation
DisintegrationDigitizingHardware description languageSoftwareOpen setStandard deviationService (economics)Function (mathematics)Plug-in (computing)System programmingPressure volume diagramSuite (music)Observational studyDecision theoryOpen sourceInformationOpen setData integrityWater vaporSoftwareDecision theoryDigital libraryRevision controlWeb 2.0Library (computing)Dynamical systemPlug-in (computing)Link (knot theory)Open sourcePrice indexFreewareComputer animation
Transcript: English(auto-generated)
Good afternoon, I am Danilo Strigaro, a PhD candidate at the University of Pavia. With this short presentation, I am going to show you some key points of the article I will be glad if you could take a look at. This research is part of the Simulinter Reg project. Water resources are gaining more and more interest, in particular in the context of the water-food nexus concept,
where it is clear how water resources are fundamental for economy, food, tourism, and how they are mutually connected to each other. In this research, we focus on lakes, in particular Lake Lugano, which is affected by climate changes. It is stressed also by human activities.
In fact, since the 70s, a mitigation monitoring program is active, aimed at increasing the quality and sustainability of the resource. 40 years old time series data exist, and with the Simulinter project, new sources of information are now available, such as the automatic high-frequency monitoring system,
which has been installed since November 2020. The problem that this research tried to solve is the lack of integration of all this data in order to fully exploit their potential and by that help researchers and decision-makers. For Lake Lugano, there are three areas, named Ficino, Benide, and Gandria,
where every two weeks, monitoring campaigns are performed by limnologists. They usually make measurements by manually lower down probes or by taking water samples, which are then analyzed in laboratory. In addition to that, and as anticipated in the previous slide, an automatic high-frequency monitoring system has been deployed at Ficino. It collects data every minute, it aggregates them every 10 minutes,
and transmits the data warehouse every 15 minutes. It measures water oxygen, temperature, and concentration of chlorophyll-A and ficu-chan at six different depths, as well as weather parameters. If the data from the automatic high-frequency monitoring system are automatically archived, the other data lies in different formats,
such as access databases, Excel, or txt files. The idea is to build something that can bring together all these sources using its source as core component in order to make them available using the sensor observation service of the Open Geospatial Consortium. In order to offer a unique entry point,
it was necessary to create a system that can import data. To this end, the WebAssembly technology has been tested and used by creating scripts in Rust language that can import data from probe profiles and the results of the laboratory analysis. Once the historical data have been imported, they are extracted, transformed, and loaded by using Python scripts that can calculate
some physical indicators of lake status. Such as dismissibility, the polynomial temperature, the thermocline depth, the buoyancy frequency, and others. Such plugin follows the Lake Analyzer Library, which is originally written in Matlab. It has been rewritten from scratch using Python for technical reasons and also to offer to the community
a tool based on an open source language. And now the conclusions. This work wants to describe a fully open web solution to fulfill the gap in data integration digitalization that are currently affecting some sectors of the water monitoring. To this end, the SLS of the Open Juice Pastoral Consortium
has been used to integrate and offer data in a standardized way. Once integrated with different sources, the plugin developed following the Lake Analyzer Library has been used to calculate physical indicators. The open technology used helped in developing such an automatic system and in offering a tool to decision makers and to resourcers
to better manage and understand the unknown dynamics and facing the new challenges into which lakes are more and more exposed. The software developed is released under the GNU GPL version 3 license and is available at the link that you can see in the slide. Thank you for your attention.