So first of all, I also would like to thank you all for the invitation and also for the participation in this panel. I was basically amazed by Sergi's presentation right before mine, because I'm a physicist also so I was

very happy to see how open science and open data is moving in the physical field as well. As I already introduced, my name is Talova Marina Raifa and I currently work as an engagement manager for a global consortia at Orchid. And it was a pleasure to work with the Ukrainian Consortium since April this year, if I'm not wrong, and very happy to support them with the process.

And my contribution today is a bit more about explaining how Orchid contributes to the open metadata ecosystem. So, first of all, what we are covering now in this talk is the letter O in Orchids, which stands for

open, then of course the public data file, Orchids and the third principles, and at the very end the trust markers. As you know, and as I just mentioned, the O in Orchid stands for open. And this means that Orchid

is free for end users so for researchers, there should be no barrier to use an Orchid ID as a researcher. It should be democratic in the sense that how we operate and how the governance is open to all

Orchid members, transparent in what we do, and also providing the core and code behind Orchid as open source. You can read more on that in a blog post that was published in 2012, at the very beginning of Orchid career or story.

So, the link is down in the footnote. But thinking on how that has developed, Orchid was built from the ground up to be open and trustworthy in the research infrastructure. So we have three main values, open, inclusive, and trust.

And this is a combination between the technical construct. So what we can think about open source software, open public API, open public data file, open sandbox as a testing environment, the product roadmap, which is open for feedback and contribution from the community,

regardless if you're a researcher, or if you're a Orchid member as an institution, and open to support PEDS adopted by our members. So in fact, and for example thinking of one of the latest updates of this list of

PEDS was the inclusion of cultural graph, which is an ID that is going to be used by the German National Library. And also ROAR as an identifier for organizations, and in fact we have in this

panel in two presentations, I guess, also presentation about ROAR. And then the part about the social construct, which is the funding principles and values, the commitment to researcher control so researchers should be always in the middle of what we do. The equitable

and sustainable business model, considering different regions of the world and sizes of organizations. Then the membership organization, open to all, and the continuous community engagement and dialogue

that we do through our open calls with members, and also through the product roadmap. And then, if you are wondering how all these structures in the Orchid services or what we offer, then you probably are familiar or beginning to get familiar with the Orchid ID, that code that identifies researchers persistently.

So the PEDS for people that we normally say the persistent identifier for people. And this goes together with what we call the Orchid record, which contains the data that is related to

that person. The data related to publications or other research outputs, affiliations, peer reviews, research resources they use for, in order to carry on science and education and other type of affiliations as well.

But then we have the application programming interfaces, which basically enable organizations such as institutions, publishers or funders to gather data from Orchid to read that data. And also, they can contribute back to the Orchid record connecting those systems. And then of

course, we expect organizations, publishers and funders to also communicate information among them or between them. And the most important part is that this can be done through the help of persistent identifiers, also known as PEDS.

And this is why we normally when we speak about open infrastructure and the connections between researchers, institutions and research outputs and funding, we speak about the connections between PEDS. And then we have the PEDS for researchers, such

as Orchid, PEDS for organizations such as ROAR, PEDS for research outputs such as Handel, DOI and others. And then PEDS for both funders and funding or grants, such as Grants DOI or Fund-RED IDs.

And then all this data can be under the researcher control set as public trust parties, so with limited access or private.

And I need to say that a big proportion of that data actually close to 90% is public, because at the end, this also contributes to the visibility of the research performed by a deadline researcher. And this is why once a year, Orchid offers to the community, the public data file, which is the all the public

data that is available in the registry, open to all, open to every single organization or researcher that would like to use it. And in fact, if you go to the Orchid blog, you will see a

couple of examples of other years of organizations such as OpenAir using the public data file, but also individual researchers in order to analyze research clusters or collaboration networks. And you have all the links here down below. The file is available under CC0 and in the

format XML, and also with the possibility of converting it into JSON in order to better operate with it. And just as a reference, last year's public data file, so the public data file for 2021 had almost 14,500 downloads,

which is a lot, which means also that the community is using that data in order to enrich their own metadata as well.

And then I mentioned before those connections between persistent identifiers. And this at the end is also a key factor of fair principles. And in fact, when we speak about fair principles, we normally speak about identifiers and how we better identify that data.

That data, that metadata, and that infrastructure. I need to say that. So you probably are familiar already after these two days conference with the fair principles, standing for findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.

And also we analyze and wrote about the contribution of orchids to that ecosystem of fair data. And when it comes to findable, of course, for people the orchid ID is the core orchid service, and then it goes together with other rich metadata containing other resolvable

orchid bits. And then we have the registry that can and is fully searchable, accessible in the sense that the orchid IDs are expressed natively as resolvable HTTPS URIs.

The data, as I mentioned before, is available in XML and JSON, and as well via web protocol in HTTPS. Then interoperable, we use community-developed taxonomies such as the credit

ROMs in order to contribute, in order to recognize different contributions. And the data model is expressed in XCD-SHIMA, and we also have the interrelation with other identifiers.

And last reusable, I have just mentioned the public data file that is available under CCCO public domain, and then also the implementation of trust markers, and the idea of community governed, which involves all the processes that we do at orchid, and how we continue working with the community in order to develop an identifier that is usable for them.

And to mention the trust markers. So, as you know, member organizations can write and validate data to orchid records, and always with researchers' permission.

So, as I mentioned before, the researcher is always in the middle and needs to express their consent in order to authorize any type of data update or data export to their own records. As you can see here, when an organization adds data to the orchid registry, then the source will appear to be the name of the organization.

So, we have their unemployment added by the New York University, or a education added by the University of Georgia. And this source guarantees the provenance of the data, and shows that this data was added by an orchid member organization.

So, at the end, this is also a way to guarantee trust, and this is why we add them, and we call them trust markers.

The same can be seen here for other types of entries. So, we have right in the middle of the screen also an employment, in this case, added by the Jordanian Open Innovation Platform, directed by the Higher Council for Science and Technology in Jordan.

Then we have also a supervised student publication, which is the contribution of a Ph.D. supervisor to the Ph.D. pieces, added by the KAUST, which is a South Arabian organization.

And then we also have a journal article added by the same Jordanian institution as in the middle. And you see here the source of those IDs, and also a link to the different work types that can be added to orchid.

And all of them are added by an organization with these three entries, which guarantees also their provenance. And that said, I thank you all very much for listening and for being here on a Friday afternoon.

And I'm open for questions, and also you can contact me in that email address or Twitter at the bottom. Many thanks.