One of the concepts we learn early in our Python journey is functions. However, Python’s idea of functions goes beyond basic functions; it also supports the idea of higher-order functions - functions that act on or return other functions. Higher-order functions are useful, powerful, and can save a lot of typing. So, of course, Python’s standard library contains a module of higher-order functions waiting to be used (hint: its called functools). In this talk, we will explore functools and look at how its functions can be used to enhance and improve our code.