Welcome to the last round of sessions for today. My name is Jolybur. I'm working with Texas Instruments. I used to be working with Atmel, which you saw Al Fagel this morning.

I left Atmel because I had enough of big American companies and joined Chipcon. And six months later, we were acquired by TI with 35,000 employees. But we are actually making these things, that the Internet of Things is actually made up of. And these are the things that are used in the nodes

and the sensors and the beacons and everything that's basically making up these things on the internet. And TI is not investing in Norway because we are a bunch of nice people who like to make our own beer and have a lot of fun. They're investing because they think that, I know,

that IoT is the next big thing. And they invest a few hundred million dollars a year in Norway because they really believe in this technology. So, but the question here is really, it's the introduction of all these smart things. Is it a good thing or is it a bad thing?

And I hate smart things. I hate the name smart. We got smartphones, smart homes, smart TVs, smart glasses, smart power meters, smart locks. And what makes a thing smart? A smartwatch is wireless. I wish it was that easy to make it smart, but it's not.

I got myself, my wife a smartwatch a few years back. It woke her up shaking in the middle of the night saying, I lost connection to my phone. That's not smart. We got smart homes. But is it smart to pick up the smartphone to enter a code to open an app to turn on the smart light?

And the Bluetooth smart. It doesn't mean that Bluetooth has been stupid for 15 years before I finally got smart. More smart boards. The kids at school got a smart board. It's so smart. Nine years old, I have to show the teacher how to use it.

But I got smart TVs. I guess all of you have smart TVs. We got a smart TV at home. Every five minutes when I'm watching TV, I have to wake to my TV telling it I'm not sleeping. It's kind of the idea with TVs is to relax, sit down, and don't do anything. I mean, we make ourselves dumb by making smart radios.

I mean, it's not smart just because it's wireless. And nothing is really dumber than a smart thing that doesn't know it's wrong. So, and that's a problem. These smart things, they cannot admit that I made a mistake. And this leads us to IoT.

An example here is the car. When I was 18 years old, I got my driver's license. I had to walk around the car, check the lights, check the tires. We were checking the weather forecast the day before we were driving. And we had no communication, we had full control,

and everything was good. Then we got the first connected things, the GPS. We got the Bluetooth hands-free. We got the sensors for light and the rain. And the first generation of things on the internet is displaying real-time information, traffic jams on the GPS, we can surf on the Wi-Fi, but we're still in control.

We're still making the decisions based on the information that we are getting from the net. In the future, cars will communicate with other cars. We'll have the steering, brakes, keep distance, get weather data, traffic light information, accidents, and it will find its best way. Have sensors to avoid collision, and it will park itself.

And there's no doubt that these future cars will be much smarter, safer, better for environment, and reduce traffic jams. And like all future cars, all future electronics will communicate. They will read sensors, get these data,

combine the data on the internet, make decisions quicker, better, and faster than the humans can do it. And it's a good thing. And that's the essence of IT, making things easier to use, smarter, better, and safer, just by making it much more intelligent than electronics today.

We think that IoT is the biggest leap in technology, just in line with introduction of PCs or introduction of mobile phones. But while PCs cost 10, 20,000 krona when it was launched, mobile phones for 1,000 to 10,000 krona, IoT devices are really cheap, from 50 to a few hundred krona.

And because it's so cheap, it's 10 times bigger than all these previous waves of electronics. Developing mobile or a PC requires enormous amount of investment. There's just a handful of companies in the world that can afford that. IoT devices are small, they have dedicated functions,

and they're really cheap. And they're simple, requires very low investment, both in development tools, all the software tools, and there's so much software on the web that they can reuse for this project. And because of this, nobody knows who's gonna invent the killer product. But what we do know,

it's not one of the big companies. It's one of the startup companies that is inventing the really, really new, innovative products. And Kickstarter is flooded with IoT projects. They're all connected to a phone or an app or internet in any way. And anybody can start with a low cost tool, 3D printer, a cool app, and they basically have a complete product.

Analysts are fighting to present the biggest numbers for IoT projections. It's just one example here from Cisco. And being a son of a farmer, the western part of Norway,

I tend to have a certain skepticism to such numbers. Moretti's farm, we had a small river where we used to swim, play, and fish. My brother runs the farm now, and he invested 40 million krona into a power plant in his farm. And this is his favorite app on his phone.

This is showing the two turbines on the power plant. He's monitoring and controlling this power plant from his phone while he's keeping his daytime job at the office. He's running everything through this phone app. And he's turning the river into a money-making machine,

still keeping his same old job. Similarly, Lundin is the operator on the Sverdrup oil field in the North Sea. They're placing the control center at Lee soccer. Not on a big platform, they keep as most people as possible on the control center.

Next time, I may place this in India or China, that's a separate discussion, because IoT is gonna change society in many ways. Millions of people will lose their jobs, whole industries will disappear, production workers will be replaced by robots, shops, stores will have big changes,

taxi drivers, even the transport industry, because 3D printers will require much less transportation than before. Financial analysts, stockbrokers lose their jobs, and also a lot of other industries is going to change.

Some examples at home, we will have control lights, remote controls, temperature, blinds. Anyone trying to control the night temperature on a traditional heating oven, will know that doing that with one push button

and blinking LEDs, blinking five times, nobody's been able to actually adjust this correctly. With an app, you can just draw a line saying that this is the temperature through the day and the night. So that's just making it easier to use. For energy management, I remember my grandparents,

they used to have power meters with a red needle showing the maximum amount of power we could use. And we used to turn on everything in this house, see how up we can go, or turn it down, see how low we can go. And the modern version of this one, the power meter today is an app.

And the kids, we can teach them to save the power, because they will really take care of that. But unfortunately, Norway is the only country in the world where we have unlimited supply of power. Every other countries are doing major investments in metering, smart meters. For example, Denmark invested in windmills for 30 years.

The problem is when it's really, really cold and they have a high power consumption, usually not knowing. So all the profits from all these investments that they have in windmill is going to Norwegian hydropower plants. So to avoid this, they are installing smart meters

to let customers, or smart meters actually, turn off their heating in the bathroom floor, for example, for a few hours in the peak in the morning, because the customer will not notice at all, even if it's been on all night.

And in a few years, every car will be electric. You come home, you plug it in. I don't need it to be charged by six or seven o'clock. I want it to be charged by next morning. So let the power meter control when the car is charging. And if you put solar cells on the roof, you can sell energy. And all of this requires smart power meters.

Moving next to cars, they will replace cables for lower weight and maintenance, doing crewless entry using the mobile phone instead of a key. And you can manage everyone in the family so they have their own private key into their car.

And if they lose their phone, it's much easier to replace than replacing a car key. And every year, car manufacturers are recalling millions of cars for repairs. When Tesla was faced with these recalls, they had all their cars connected to the web. And they did overnight software upgrade of 30,000 cars, saved them $500 per car.

And that recall alone saved them all the investment of the GSM mode that they had in the car. And the natural next step is the self-driving cars. It was reported 85% of accident is due to driver errors. And if we can eliminate these errors,

we save millions of lives every year and tons of millions of injuries. Everyone today is wearing a activity monitor, a bracelet or watch. In a few years, we will look at this and just like we look at the mobile phones from the 80s now, they are dead stupid.

They're not smart at all. But in a few years, we're gonna have useful information from this, actually detecting heart rate, blood pressure, arterial response to be able to foresee if there's a cardiac attack coming. Young people, even men in the 40s,

use for tracking all the activity for sports. Anyone's willing to invest in new equipment, it's probably us. But for all those, we can do rehabilitation after surgery. And if you combine sensors with training programs, check if the exercises are performed correctly, get recommendation from psychics,

and also monitoring every time of how well you're doing. It's fully possible today to have all the people live at home. One example on Barham, they are installing smart locks for a home nursing service.

They have 4,000 patients and the nurse is driving to see them every day and they have to check out 4,000 keys a day. And if there's a change in their schedule, they have to go back, pick up new keys. And they are saving seven million krona a year just by having smart locks for all of this. And they can also monitor daily routine,

when they're sleeping, when they're getting up, when they're eating, when they're taking their medicine, also doing blood pressure position tracking and without the old people actually having to know about the technology or how it's working. And this is the only way healthcare can scale

with aging population. But products have to be easy to use. Example here is Locketron. It's actually most famous because they did not use Kickstarter for their projects.

But they made a smart lock which you put on the outside your lock housing. This was an engaged model called the Golden Crystal, which I'm really fond of and he's an interaction designer. And this was the use case. You go to the door, you pick up your phone,

enter your code, open the app, enter your personal code and go in to the house. Not really impressive. Next round, back to the drawing table. They made the best user interface ever. And in Golden Krishna's mantra here is the best user

interface is no interface. This makes it very high tech feature, giving better security than you would with a key and making life easier. If you read a paper, you get a feeling that their IoT is coming to get you. You read the article, it says something like one,

at least one refrigerator. I don't know where to find that refrigerator without a tactic. But every time people ask us what is the winning standard for IoT, and on last count we had around 180 standards

and we really don't need another one. They all have their pros and cons. Wi-Fi is good for something. Bluetooth is good for something. Zigbee, C-Wave, they all have their strong sides and their weak sides. But you really don't need to have one standard. The real world is going to be a mix of all the standards

and it's going to mix in the cloud. So you have some gateways, bring the data out to the cloud and then you do all the mixing of the standards. So we are not trying to promote one standard over the other standards. We are trying to make sure that the customer gets all the choices they have and need in the standards.

Back to this call smart things, which is apparently not so smart. The thing they need to make me really smart is the big data. I'm sure you're all familiar with big data. One example, the friends, I will not name them but they are really smart, resourceful people.

They want a special name for their kids. So they spent months of research and you can probably guess where that was because when the kids started at school, they had three boys in the class named Oliver. So really how much time you spend on making good decisions,

everyone else is thinking exactly the same thing. There's another real life story, UPS is delivering 17 million packages a day in the U.S. Only driving a car in the U.S. knows that you can take a right turn on a red light.

So they had a campaign that said no left turn and they're planning the roads for the drivers to only do right turns and they saved enormous amount of fuel, much fewer accidents and quicker deliveries.

So this is based, they have a device, an IOT device in the car combined with the big data doing the calculation of the route. It's kind of hard to see this one but while you're doing your shopping, spending hours and days finding Christmas gifts for everyone, Amazon patted in this,

what they call anticipatory shipping. Basically means that while you are doing your study on the net what you want to buy, Amazon already ship it to the hub closest to you because based on what they know about you, they know what you're going to buy. So when you place the order, they are ready to ship

out the package and have it there within a few hours. But what happens if Amazon ships your thing before you know that you need it, what happens if you get all the information before you know

that you need it? When I was a kid, I used to remember all the phone numbers or all my relatives, my aunts. Now I hardly know my own number. And if you ever notice on Google, if you search what time they will auto-fill, do I have to leave to the airport to be at five o'clock because Google knows what you're up to.

If you're typing on your phone, the dictionary suggests the next word you're going to type. If you have a smart watch based on Android Wear and you're in the office, 4.30, and you look at your watch, they will show you when the next time the next subway is leaving because they know that's what you want to know.

I even wait for you to ask for information before you present it. And Google, Apple, Facebook know exactly where you are, what you read while you're in the restroom, what you cook for dinner, all your habits just

because they won't present you with commercials. Another example is MindMeld. They can listen on your conference call, display relevant background information based on what people are talking about. So when someone's talking about the newest OD S4 engine,

you can come up with a real piece of information about this thing even if you don't have a clue what it is. It's just like you're a live encyclopedia. But what happens when you're, just like you're losing the ability to remember phone numbers when you stop using your brain?

This is kind of difficult to explain the translate but uncanny value of personalization. It was first used to describe the creepiness of human robots when it was almost but not perfectly behaving like humans.

And similarly, for most of us, for example, when we started to use Facebook, you feel uncomfortable sharing information about yourself but you're surprised how you can know what you're interested

in but in the end you don't care because it's surprisingly helpful for you. And similarly, wearables, it's a freaky feeling because there's a lot of company that has a lot of information about you and in order for this to be useful for you to trust it, either yourself or a trusted third party have to own this data.

An example here is a name tag, they can take a photo of people you meet or using it with Google Glass. It can couple with image recognition in the cloud to analyze the person, match it with public profiles

about what they posted on Twitter, Facebook, all the live places. And the latest press release for them announced real-time facial comparison against 450,000 sex offenders. So if you're walking down the street and you see people in the eye, you will know everything about them.

Another example, single out, claims that 40% of the chemistry between people is attributed to genes. So with a simple gene test, they're offering, you can do a mathematical gene match. Seriously, this is the most important decision in your life,

how can you not let the math do it? How can you trust your own instinct, probably with impulsive actions and the influence of alcohol in most cases to do such important decisions? And talking about IoT economy, how much can we save

by picking the right partner the first time? So the only thing you need is a wearable device that tells you when you're close to your perfect fit. Or even better, let a dating service do it. You don't have to leave your PC at all. Now we're getting into the really personal area. Who owns this data? Do you trust Apple, Google, Facebook,

Twitter to take good care of this information? You get what you pay for. It's a problem if you're using a free service, you're actually the product. But you accept that Google knows the answer to every question in exchange for your personal information.

Facebook trades every click and it saves for a relevant link. And more and more online news services using personalized news feed based on what you click on. So if you're looking for gossip, you will get even more gossip. You will not get anything else. And wearable devices are tracking every move you make. TVs are tracking even what you talk about in your living room.

Phones are tracking everywhere you go. And all of this in the quest to provide the information even before you know that you need it. Or display relevant ads to increase your consumption, to buy more things. And if you're looking at the height curve, this is from,

I think it was June, July 2015, nine months old and already outdated. You see here, IOT is on the top. Of the height curve. It will be guaranteed to be hit by the realities.

Most importantly, privacy, security, next usability. Under the critical reality check, do you really need all of these things? So in five years, I guarantee there is going to not be IOT conference. It may even be the last year. But IOT is going to be part of, you see here,

augmented reality, 3D printers, wearables, autonomous vehicles, smart advisors, biochips, connected homes, smart robots, smart dust, human augmentation, and people-literate technology.

All the new technologies on the height curve which will integrate IOT in some form or another. So even if IOT is not the end product, it's going to be integrated. Can we stop this from happening? No. I don't hope so.

Lawmakers are catching up and they cannot make laws quick enough to follow. But just like music and video sharing a few years back, technology allowed file sharing on Pirate Bay, Napster,

peer-to-peer networks, popcorn time. But now you're getting impressive services like Spotify, Netflix, even Anacor is catching up. And they're so good that people don't use their legal services anymore. And lawmakers are catching up as well. In October last year,

California passed the strictest privacy laws in the world, much stricter than the rest of US. And while EU and US was fighting for the safe harbor laws, they passed these new laws which basically gives us the same personal privacy on the digital data as they do on normal data.

EU's data direction directive is from 1995. I don't think that's quite useful. They started an update in 2012. It was just finished the 29th of February this year, two weeks ago, and they announced it then.

And then new updates puts very clear rules on information that US companies can collect about EU citizen. And it makes it much more transparent than before. But most importantly, the proposal here is to have, if you break this, you have fines from 2 to 5%

of the annual turnover. That's a lot. But I'm still an optimist. Despite thousands of useless applications, constant security trends, the risk of losing all privacy, it's apparently a lawless community.

It's going to find its way into more and more useful applications. One example, when I was a student in 1993, the internet was four years old. And at that time, JPG was synonymous with sexually explicit pictures because there was one industry that saw the opportunity of internet.

After a while, the rest of the world caught up and the internet is getting useful. But when big companies try to control the world, the world usually finds a way to sneak around it. Like one example is blockchain, making secure way

to authenticate devices without a central server. Basically, nobody is owning the data. But optimists, especially because they made this sensor tag a few years back, we made that as a tool to show people what the internet of things is actually a thing you can touch.

And in a few years, we sold around 100,000 kits. And this is going to everyone. It's going to students, makers, hobbyists in all the countries. And these are the teenagers who wrote mobile apps before the big companies understood what was going on, then are doing hardware instead.

They got 3D printers, arranging hackathons, making complete products in 24 hours. We have multiple startups that are basing their company on the ideas that we are doing around IoT. Because IoT is much more than connecting things to a network, it's five years of,

five years ago it required $3,000 investment in the tools to do such a product for a customer. Now we're doing it for $29, $9, including all the development tools, everything they needed. And you get sensor data on the cloud in three minutes,

you have battery life of a year, and you have so much ideas that we would never come up with ourself. And this is a democratization of development that allows anyone with a good idea to bring their products to market.

Okay, thank you. Any questions? Yeah, good question.

It might be that people will start trying to come back to the roots, but for, I mean,

we're doing pretty well without remembering these numbers. We're doing pretty well without planning anything anymore because we can just call or send messages. So I don't know if it's really a loss in that sense.

I think that's important to make it easier than it is today. You can't do a smart light and make it difficult to use. It needs to be easier than it is.

Okay, thanks.