Editorial flow chemistry II
This is a modal window.
The media could not be loaded, either because the server or network failed or because the format is not supported.
Formal Metadata
| Title |
| |
| Title of Series | ||
| Number of Parts | 163 | |
| Author | ||
| License | CC Attribution - NoDerivatives 4.0 International: You are free to use, copy, distribute and transmit the work or content in unchanged form for any legal purpose as long as the work is attributed to the author in the manner specified by the author or licensor. | |
| Identifiers | 10.5446/50451 (DOI) | |
| Publisher | 05jdrrw50 (ROR) | |
| Release Date | ||
| Language |
Content Metadata
| Subject Area | ||
| Genre | ||
| Abstract |
| |
| Keywords |
Beilstein TV20 / 163
16
20
31
43
44
47
51
57
67
78
102
105
112
131
135
138
139
140
144
145
146
149
150
151
154
157
159
160
161
162
163
00:00
ChemistOrganische ChemieChemische SyntheseChemistry
00:19
Chemische SyntheseGesundheitsstörungFed-batch-VerfahrenChemistBlood vesselChemistryTopicityBET theoryMeeting/Interview
01:25
ChemistryBlood vesselFunctional groupChemische SyntheseIce sheetTube (container)ZunderbeständigkeitAreaGesundheitsstörungBerylliumSynthetic oilActivity (UML)ChemistTool steelChemical reactionSpeciesPhotochemistryBiosynthesisOrganische ChemieChemical reactorStream bedFed-batch-VerfahrenStandard enthalpy of reactionBy-productLithiumorganische VerbindungenMeeting/Interview
05:40
ChemistryProcess (computing)BiosynthesisNaturstoffChemical reactorAssembly (demo party)ZunderbeständigkeitWalkingPeriodateSystemic therapyBulk modulusModul <Membranverfahren>Transformation <Genetik>Chemical reactionChemistChemische SyntheseOrganische ChemieSauerrahmBiomolecular structureBlock (periodic table)MoleculeTiermodellEnzymeStatic mixerFaserplatteFunctional groupCarbonate platformTuberculosisMeeting/Interview
Transcript: English(auto-generated)
00:07
Why flow? Why a second thematic issue on flow chemistry in the Bielstein Journal of Organic Chemistry? Isn't it just a hype? Isn't it just jumping on a trend?
00:21
Indeed, chemists have performed synthetic chemistry for two centuries now under batch conditions. They use flasks in the laboratory, they use vessels in the industrial environment. And they've been highly successful doing so. By doing so they've changed our lifestyles, our world dramatically.
00:45
And it's also true that science, and that includes chemistry, has become quite trendy. So people pick up certain trends, believe one can publish very rapidly in a trendy topic.
01:02
But after a while it becomes clear that these trendy topics will not have a huge impact or major impact on the science. And people drop these topics and the impact finally is rather low.
01:21
So, will that happen to flow chemistry too? Let me provide you one perspective, but two scenarios. The first scenario is a short-term scenario. So what will be the impact of flow chemistry in the near future?
01:42
The impact on synthetic chemistry specifically. This can be read in the thematic issue that you hold in your hands. Because there are already excellent examples of how flow chemistry will or might have an impact on specific areas of synthetic chemistry.
02:04
The first example I would like to provide is photochemistry. Photochemistry is a highly interesting tool and methodology for synthetic chemists. Because you get an input of energy that has different results compared to thermal heating of reactions.
02:27
But photochemistry is not very popular in the industrial field. And that is because the equipment, especially when having large-scale photochemistry, is not ideally suited.
02:42
What do people usually do? They take a flask, a huge vessel and introduce into the center of the vessel a photochemical device, some kind of lamp. And here it is highly difficult to control the reaction conditions as
03:03
well as controlling the development of heat in such an environment, synthetic environment. However, if you switch to flow, you can use tubings. You can paralyze them in order to do large-scale synthesis, which is called numbering up.
03:24
And you can directly irradiate these tubes, these transparent tubes. And you have got the advantage that the dimensions of those tubes are rather small. And the amount of heat that you create is highly controllable.
03:43
I utterly believe that flow chemistry will result in a renaissance of photochemistry. What is the second example? The second example covers the generation and the handling of highly reactive intermediates.
04:00
It is shown by several groups, in particular by the Yoshida group in Japan, in Kyoto, that one can generate organolithium species in-situ and directly transform them under flow conditions with electrophiles to resulting products, with a minimum number of by-products formed, much cleaner than what you would expect under batch conditions.
04:31
Give me a third example. A third example you have just seen, or you will see in the journal, and that is about inductive heating.
04:42
Inductive heating and flow are a perfect match of two enabling technologies. As it is safe, and it is a very efficient way of heating, so you heat up the fixed bed of a flow reactor in an electromagnetic field.
05:00
And you can create heat, even to supercritical conditions, very easily without really large safety issues. So these are just three examples out of many, where one can see how flow already had an impact or will have an impact on modern synthetic chemistry.
05:23
But let me now move over to a more visionary aspect of flow chemistry. What will be the long-term impact of flow chemistry for the society, for the science, for chemistry? I have a vision. I have a vision concerning flow chemistry and its impact onto organic chemistry, onto synthesis.
05:54
Imagine how nature performs multi-step synthesis, or commonly called biosynthesis.
06:03
It starts with a large amount of a starting material, a very simple building block, and through a sequence of transformations catalyzed by enzymes, it creates complex molecular architectures that we call natural products.
06:21
But when we look closer to the individual steps, we realize that the intermediates that are created by each individual enzymatic steps are only present in minute amount. Nature does not need these intermediates in large scale or doesn't need to isolate them.
06:42
So there is a continuous flow or a continuous processing of a starting material through intermediates to the final product. This is very different in the way chemists nowadays perform multi-step synthesis. Nowadays, what do we do? We take bulk material, a kilogram, for example, of a starting material in order to make a similar amount of a product.
07:13
In between, we isolate after each reaction the whole amount of material, let's say in a kilogram scale.
07:21
This is time consuming, this is inefficient, you lose material probably, and it's costly. Why isolating all these intermediates if you don't need them? Why not performing synthetic chemistry in a way nature does it? Why not learn from nature?
07:42
So a multi-step flow device is exactly able to achieve that goal. You start with a bulk material on a kilogram scale probably, and then you transform a small amount of that material through the first reactor to the intermediate.
08:01
And this is continuously transferred into the second reactor. So during the whole process, there is starting material and the final product, but the intermediates are only present in minute amount and then the chemist does not need to isolate them or purify them. This sounds much more efficient and resembles nature, how it evolutionized its biosynthesis.
08:29
So how can we achieve that in the future? Let us take a look at this flow device, high technology flow device. It is composed of individual modules.
08:43
These modules are assembled on this platform, and each module has a function. It can be a mixer, it can be a heating device, it can be a reactor or a cooling device. So what one can do in the future, and I have that dream that we can carry out synthesis in such a way that we, in a very mobile way,
09:08
can build up for each multi-step synthesis in a short period of time a new synthetic factory by assembling these individual modules according to the requirements of a multi-step synthesis.
09:23
And indeed, all the intermediates will just be transferred into the next module. So this is a dream and this might take 20 years, but it's only 10 or 15 years since organic chemists got interested in flow chemistry.
09:41
So let us give time and let us tell time until we reach a fully automated multi-flow system in each laboratory or many laboratories at least. The thematic issue that you hold in your hands by the Bielstein Journal of
10:05
Organic Chemistry assembles a large number of state-of-the-art publications on flow chemistry. Many different facets from principle investigations to industrial or technical oriented papers can be found.
10:24
I invite you to read through this number, this assembly of papers, which is the result of the cream of flow chemists worldwide who dedicate their research in this thematic issue.
10:43
Thank you very much.
Recommendations
Series of 26 media
Series of 18 media
Series of 26 media
Series of 26 media
Series of 19 media
Series of 24 media
Series of 34 media
Series of 3 media