State-of-the-art deep neural network classifiers are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples which are designed to mislead classifiers with a very small perturbation. However, the performance of black-box attacks (without knowledge of the model parameters) against deployed models always degrades significantly. In this paper, We propose a novel way of perturbations for adversarial examples to enable black-box transfer. We first show that maximizing distance between natural images and their adversarial examples in the intermediate feature maps can improve both white-box attacks (with knowledge of the model parameters) and black-box attacks. We also show that smooth regularization on adversarial perturbations enables transferring across models. Extensive experimental results show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods both in white-box and black-box attacks. Bruce Hou, senior security researcher with more than four years of experience in Tencent Security Platform Department, mainly focuses on the classification of images and videos, human-machine confrontation and the attacks and defenses of cyber security. Wen Zhou, senior security researcher with multiple years of experience in Tencent Security Platform Department, mainly focuses on the research of computer vision, adversarial-examples and so on. Tencent Blade Team was founded by Tencent Security Platform Department, focusing in security researches of AI, mobile Internet, IoT, wireless devices and other cutting-edge technologies. So far, Tencent Blade Team has reported many security vulnerabilities to a large number of international manufacturers, including Google and Apple. In the future, Tencent Blade Team will continue to make the Internet a safer place for everyone. |