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Frustrated tunnelling ionization during strong-field fragmentation of D3+

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Logo of Institute of Physics (IOP)Institute of Physics (IOP)
Logo of Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG)Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG)
 McKenna, J. Sayler, A. M. Gaire, B. Kling, Nora G. Esry, B. D. Carnes, K. D. Ben-Itzhak, I.

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Frustrated tunnelling ionization during strong-field fragmentation of D3+
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We reveal surprisingly high kinetic energy release in the intense-field fragmentation of D3+ to D+ + D+ + D with 1016 W cm−2, 790 nm, 40 fs (and 7 fs) laser pulses. This feature strongly mimics the behaviour of the D+ + D+ + D+ channel. From the experimental evidence, we conclude that the origin of the feature is due to frustrated tunnelling ionization, the first observation of this mechanism in a polyatomic system. Furthermore, we unravel evidence of frustrated tunnelling ionization in dissociation, both two-body breakup to D + D2+ and D+ + D2, and three-body breakup to D+ + D + D.
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