Start with a general overview about OpenStreetMap and OpenStreetMap ecosystem. So we already see like a classic map of OpenStreetMap, but I will try to explain you that OpenStreetMap is actually much more than a map. Because OpenStreetMap is primarily a database

which you can also display as a map, but you don't have to. I'll start a little bit technically. So in OpenStreetMap you have different data types and you most of you probably know the simple feature

models, but OpenStreetMap doesn't use them. OpenStreetMap has an own system and this makes sure that all features have correct topology. So there's like the three types. It's like a node, way and a relation. So let's start with the simplest one.

It's a node. It's basically just a point with a coordinate and a number of tags. So for example here, it's like a little sign which is close to here. And in OpenStreetMap we have a lot of nodes and it's kind of the basic component of where all data consists of.

So the next one is a way. A way is basically a collection of nodes which also stores some tags. So in this case, like this is the building where we just are located in and here you can see the nodes.

And one important thing to know is actually that a way doesn't store the geometry itself or like it doesn't store any coordinates, but only references nodes which store the coordinates. And then just like some more examples.

So for a way, it's usually like a line, but can also be like a closed line. In this case, it's like a simple polygon without any holes or like a street or a river. This is all usually a way. And now the last data type is a relation.

It's a little bit more complicated because a relation is a collection of nodes, ways and also a relation itself. So one example is, for example, you have a bus line, so it's bus 24 in Salzburg. And it actually consists of bus stops which are points, then the route which is ways.

This is just like an object, a more complex object. And another example is, for example, if you have polygons with holes inside, then you have a relation with like the outline as a way and like the holes as ways.

So far some words about the data types and the next thing is like the tags in OpenStreetMap. So there is no central instance or person or committee who is defining these tags.

It's just everything is bottom up. So you can just register OpenStreetMap for free, obviously, and you can directly edit something and invent your own tag if you want to. Of course, there's already some predefined tags which you can find like on the OpenStreetMap Wiki.

And yeah, it's basically you always have like a string which also has a key and the value is always also a string. So, for example, when you have a mountain of elevation, you could expect that the value is actually an integer, but actually you could also write just the letters inside.

And it's totally allowed, but obviously it doesn't make much sense, but it's possible. And another important thing to know is actually that since there's no central organization who is defining these tags,

sometimes there's for one the same thing, there's like different ways how you can actually map it. So you have in some countries you map like a river like this, or like river is not a good example, but there's some other like objects which are where there's a kind of argument how to take it. So in one country or one region, you map it like this and the other one you map it like this.

And even like in the same regions, you can have it different. For example, if you have like a pavement, like a way for walking for pedestrians, sometimes you have like an external geometry and sometimes you have it like attached to the main street only as a tag.

So there's a lot of variation and it's of course a little bit messy, but this ensures that the OpenStreetMap data model, data structures, they're really dynamic and people can just edit it. Then the next important thing is like a change set.

If you edit something, it's just like the collections of all your changes and I will try to show you one. So, for example, so here for example is TrafficCon company and here you can see the change sets

and when this TrafficCon was edited last time, there were also some other things mapped. And then, for example, you see the person who mapped it and then if I have a question, I can just comment

and then the mapper who edited this can also respond and then there's like some conversation going on and you can do this for all data which is inside OpenStreetMap, you will see who changed it

and which change set it was and which other features have been edited. And then another concept, this is like it's a note like not confused with the data type note, it's like more like notification.

So it's just if you see a problem on the map, you can simply make a pin on it and say here's a problem and tell it, just write it down and then someone else can change it and the cool thing is you don't even have to be registered.

So if you just discover something and quickly want to just notify that there's let's say the shop that doesn't exist anymore, then you just make this pinpoint, say the shop is closed and then someone else who's motivated can do this. Then about the license, so of course OpenStreetMap data is open but there are some restrictions.

So of course you can download it and modify and so on but you have to always attribute it. It's like the open database license and of course I'm not a lawyer so you should actually read the official documentation. But one important thing is you're not allowed to mix it with closed data.

So for example like a BigMap provider is not allowed to take OpenStreetMap and just include it in their own data and that's not allowed. So if a BigMap provider says okay we want to have OpenStreetMap then they have to open all of the data as well otherwise it's not allowed.

Okay then some theory and now I will show you how to edit OpenStreetMap data. So I start with the most important program, it's called chosen. It's like a desktop program written in Java so it runs on all operating systems.

And it's like the most powerful OpenStreetMap editing tool. It has like a lot of plugins and it's actively maintained. At the beginning it's a little bit challenging to get inside but it's basically like every other desktop GIS like QGIS or so. And you can add some additional layers in the background and also trace from them if you're

allowed to do so because there are some data sources where you're allowed to trace OpenStreetMap from. And so this is basically the ultimate tool to go if you really want to get serious with OpenStreetMap.

And another thing for computers is like the ID editor and the cool thing is it runs in the browser so you don't have to install anything. And I find the user interface really simple and easy so if you just want to do some quick changes then just use the ID editor. You can directly find it on the OpenStreetMap website.

And of course you can also edit OpenStreetMap data on mobile devices so especially Android. So here this is the Vespucci editor. It's a little bit like JOSM. It's a lot of features and at the beginning it's a little bit overwhelming but it's really powerful and you can do anything you want.

But this is another one which is really cool. You don't actually edit the data at the moment. You just make notes so you start a track and then it records your GPS trace. And then you can take audio recording or take a picture or just do a written note or you can choose from some brief, predefined text.

And the interesting thing is you can export this and then you can import it in JOSM here. For example I was hiking last weekend and the pink track is mine so I was taking pictures and did some notes. And then you can just click on the picture and you see it in the program and you can edit or you can listen to your audio recordings or your notes.

And it works actually quite simple. And actually if you want to have it even more simple then you can use StreetComplete. It's more like a game. So very simple user interface. You just open it and then it zooms to your current location and then you see the pins here.

And these are little tasks. For example here this asks is this a one-way road and you can say yes, no or I don't know. And then just edit it and upload and then it's done. So very simple and easy to do.

And then last there's two very interesting apps. So it's called Maps.Me and Osmant. Both are kind of similar. Both can download OpenStreetMap data offline. So you don't need any mobile data and can navigate. And both also have limited functionality to edit the OpenStreetMap data.

Then so far I'm about to edit and then some tool how to actually view data, what has changed recently. So this is a really cool tool. You just can go to a specific region and ask like what has changed within the last month or week.

So here for example, we go a little bit closer. We are here right now and okay we can see like in the last week this here has changed.

Or this and you can just details for the hospital. And you can click on it and then see what the mapper did. And if you have a question just comment and yeah.

So this is a really good tool just to monitor what happens. And a lot of people use this tool to just monitor if there's everything what has been mapped does make sense. So of course there's some happens to people that do some bad edits or even vandalism.

And with this tool you can easily find it. But there's also some automatic quality assurance tools. For example Osmose it's a French project. And you just see the map and see a lot of pinpoints with some automatically issues.

So they just take the whole planet of OpenStreetMap and run it through a program. And then display all the errors and people can change it. There's also another one from Geofabrik a really important company which deals with OpenStreetMap data. And they also show a lot of errors on the OpenStreetMap website.

Then how to download there's Geofabrik is the in my opinion the most powerful one. You can download this as a OpenStreetMap file or also shapefile. And BBB bike is yeah can also download in what some more exotic data types.

And planet OpenStreetMap is the official repository where you can download like the really 70 gigabyte of the whole world. So you can have it everything on your computer. So then how to process OpenStreetMap data. One very needed feature is like how to do route planning.

And there's a lot of open source software. So GraphHopper is a Java based routing engine. OSRM, C++, Valhalla also C++ and PT routing is an extension for the PostGIS database. And actually I know GraphHopper very well and it's really easy to set up.

So if like just a few commands on a command line you can actually build your routing graph for like a whole country and even do routing. And it's incredibly fast. OSRM is also really really fast and Valhalla as well and really powerful and they're all evolving.

So and they're quite simple to set up. So if you're a student and looking for a student project this is just very easy to get into. And PT routing is a little bit special, it's slower than the three other ones. But you can do much more specialized routing queries.

So it also has its purpose but it's much slower. So if you want to have like a routing service for the whole world which is really fast then you should probably use GraphHopper, OSRM or Valhalla. Then there's also some routing services on the web. So for OpenStreetMap the most popular one is OpenRouteService.

It's operated by the University of Heidelberg and it has a lot of features. So especially you can choose from a variety of profiles. So you have different car profiles, bus, bike, e-bike, pedestrian, hiker, wheelchair.

And you even can see like the surfaces on which you're on and also the elevation. And everything comes directly from the OpenStreetMap data and you can import or export everything as GPX. So if you're planning a bike trip you can use this, it's really cool. Then the last thing I want to show you is Overpass API.

So it's query language especially targeted to the OpenStreetMap data model. And it's not related to any other language I know. So you would think SQL is interesting but apparently for OpenStreetMap data SQL is not really good.

And for example here you can just amend drinking water. I just did it for Salzburg so you have all drinking water places. But you can do really complex queries inside and this is one thing Nico is an expert in. So then I want to finish my talk and then Nico will continue then. Thanks.