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Realizing quantum advantage without entanglement in single-photon states

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Realizing quantum advantage without entanglement in single-photon states
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40
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CC Attribution 3.0 Unported:
You are free to use, adapt and copy, distribute and transmit the work or content in adapted or unchanged form for any legal purpose as long as the work is attributed to the author in the manner specified by the author or licensor.
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We propose an optical circuit for attaining quantum measurement advantage in a system that has no quantum entanglement. Our device produces symmetric two-qubit X-states with controllable anti-diagonal elements, and does not require entangled states as input. We discuss the use of this device in a two-qubit quantum game. When entanglement is absent, the maximum quantum advantage in this game is 1/3 bit. A slightly diminished quantum advantage, 0.311 bit, can be realized with a simplified transaction protocol.