Free Culture in Brasil
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Chi-Quadrat-VerteilungSelbst organisierendes SystemMAPZählenCoxeter-GruppeBitMechanismus-Design-TheorieMultiplikationsoperatorMereologieFreewareVorlesung/Konferenz
01:12
SoftwareInternetworkingArithmetischer AusdruckCoxeter-GruppeTermRechter WinkelMereologieDemoszene <Programmierung>TexteditorMetropolitan area networkFormation <Mathematik>ComputeranimationVorlesung/KonferenzTafelbild
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Vollständiger VerbandFlächeninhaltLeistung <Physik>Bildgebendes VerfahrenCoxeter-GruppeInklusion <Mathematik>InversePhysikalische TheorieOrdnung <Mathematik>BitHilfesystemInstantiierungInternetworkingComputeranimationTafelbildVorlesung/Konferenz
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SpieltheorieInternetworkingNeuroinformatikLokales NetzCybersexMereologieShape <Informatik>Vorlesung/Konferenz
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FlächeninhaltInternetworkingSpieltheorieProgrammbibliothekZahlenbereichOrdnung <Mathematik>Betrag <Mathematik>MultiplikationsoperatorInstantiierungInformationsspeicherungVorlesung/Konferenz
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DialektMinimumInstantiierungGeradeInternetworkingProgrammbibliothekGreen-FunktionZahlenbereichFormation <Mathematik>InformationFokalpunktQuick-SortVorlesung/Konferenz
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Logik höherer StufeMetropolitan area networkRegulator <Mathematik>Rechter WinkelPhasenumwandlungProzess <Informatik>InternetworkingAssoziativgesetzEchtzeitsystemBroadcastingverfahrenWeb SiteOrdnung <Mathematik>Streaming <Kommunikationstechnik>ResultanteTelekommunikationZahlenbereichGesetz <Physik>Twitter <Softwareplattform>Vorlesung/Konferenz
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Projektive EbeneRechter WinkelBaumechanikGewicht <Ausgleichsrechnung>InternetworkingGesetz <Physik>DruckverlaufCoxeter-GruppeProzess <Informatik>Quick-SortGebäude <Mathematik>Translation <Mathematik>Fundamentalsatz der AlgebraKollaboration <Informatik>SystemplattformSprachsyntheseWeb SiteRandverteilungComputeranimationVorlesung/Konferenz
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Prozess <Informatik>SystemplattformGruppenoperationGesetz <Physik>Gebäude <Mathematik>TeilmengeSichtenkonzeptOrdnung <Mathematik>Coxeter-GruppeMomentenproblemBitOffene MengeVorlesung/Konferenz
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Metropolitan area networkKlasse <Mathematik>MereologieCoxeter-GruppeInternetworkingNachbarschaft <Mathematik>InstantiierungSelbstrepräsentationGravitationProzess <Informatik>AssoziativgesetzFacebookDienst <Informatik>Vorlesung/Konferenz
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DruckverlaufKategorie <Mathematik>Produkt <Mathematik>UnternehmensmodellDatensatzAusnahmebehandlungVerkehrsinformationFormation <Mathematik>Zellularer AutomatOrdnung <Mathematik>EinflussgrößeQuick-SortSoftwarepiraterieOrtsoperatorAutomatische HandlungsplanungMultiplikationsoperatorProgrammierumgebungProzess <Informatik>InstantiierungGradientFacebookPoisson-KlammerPunktPhysikalisches SystemDemoszene <Programmierung>ZahlenbereichBitrateKlasse <Mathematik>Rechter WinkelInternetworkingSichtenkonzeptEinfach zusammenhängender RaumSchlussregelBaumechanikKugelTermSchnitt <Mathematik>Projektive EbeneDifferenteMereologieTypentheorieSoftwareHypermediaCoxeter-GruppeVerschiebungsoperatorTwitter <Softwareplattform>Endliche ModelltheorieMobiles InternetDatenfeldMinimumYouTubeGoogolDatenmissbrauchVorlesung/Konferenz
Transkript: Englisch(automatisch erzeugt)
00:00
creative commons in brazilian and over the phone organization um center for technology
00:41
and Thank you very much for being here Maybe you're skipping lunch at this time So i'm very happy to be back in berlin and to talk to you about the recent research we've been doing back in brazil so basically, uh my presentation
01:01
Is going to be? divided into three parts I'm going to talk about this idea of free culture in brazil And i'm going to show you a little bit about what's going on in the country In terms of like freedoms freedoms of expression freedoms
01:21
You know to use the network internet scene as a fundamental right so basically let's go So the first part of my presentation I start with this very interesting thing when chris anderson who's the The editor of wired magazine he went to brazil like two years ago
01:43
His only demand Was to meet with this person That is this woman right there Uh, her name is gabia marantes and she's a singer of a brazilian band from a very poor region Of the country she sings this music style called techno bregga
02:03
So basically, I find it very interesting that you have chris anderson A person that represents the idea of innovation silicon valley values Wants to meet someone in brazil for from the poor areas from the poor region So I find this a very powerful image
02:22
Why? Like silicon valley wants to go to the brazilian peripheries. Why do they want to learn? And talk to to a singer like gabia marantes in brazil, so my presentation is going to answer a little bit about This question in order to answer the question. I will start
02:45
with a very important thing, which is If you think about digital inclusion So if you think for instance how people get connected to internet in a country like brazil Everything that you know about this has changed in the past three years
03:03
So basically this has happened because of this phenomenon called the land houses Land stands for local area networks. So these are basically Cyber cafes with computers connected to each other in which you can basically play games
03:20
Or basically you can also use these computers to access the internet So basically if you go around in brazil you will see land houses basically everywhere Absolutely most of the brazilian cities even in the amazon and very Distant parts of the country they will have a land house. So this is a land house
03:44
This is also another one. They take like a different shapes everywhere This is also a land house And this is another one the interesting thing about this is this is not a governmental policy This is the market
04:02
organizing itself like small entrepreneurs Generally in a very poor area that organize these little shops in which they offer internet access It's also interesting because they started to emerge because of the games so people would go to these places
04:21
In order to play for instance warcraft or counter-strike but suddenly Things started to change and not only gamers were looking for for the land houses But also for instance people who simply wanted to use the internet So the public of the land houses it also changed a long time
04:42
in order to Also receive people interested in simply using the internet Just to give you a few numbers right now in brazil you have 90 000 land houses If you compare this number with the number of libraries for instance brazil has approximately
05:03
5 000 libraries if you compare it to the number of bookstores the country in itself has only 2 000 bookstores And 2300 movie theaters, so basically the absolute majority Of cities in brazil. They do not have a library. They do not have a bookstore
05:22
They do not have a movie theater, but they do have land house so basically these are becoming some sort of a focus points for People to access information and basically get connected and receive like either music films, etc
05:40
So they're becoming public spaces with a very important role in the brazilian society. So in 2005 of all the accesses of in the internet in brazil 17 Were made throughout the land houses 2006 it was 30 percent
06:00
2007 it was 49 percent a number that maintains pretty much the same even today, uh 2010 So basically if you compare the accesses through the land houses, which is the green line With access at home at domiciles The land houses since 2007 became much more accessed
06:24
To use the internet than people access internet at home for instance So basically if you go to brazil today the majority of accesses to the internet They take place in these land houses small shops built from the bottom up without any governmental support
06:41
That brought internet to very distant and remote regions in the country So as you can imagine it completely changed the landscape of digital inclusion in the country and brought connectivity to places that you wouldn't suspect it to get so quickly And the other important thing
07:02
is that It's interesting because the uses of the land house are getting more and more complex So basically a lot of people is now using it for some sort of public interest activities You don't read portuguese, but if you take a look at that, it's a picture taken from the services that are
07:23
rendered through a land house You can go to one of these places and pay your utilities bill. So your water electricity telephone You can return your tax Filings through the land houses. So basically if you are a taxpayer you use the land houses to return your tax
07:43
Filings and they charge you 50 cents of a dollar for that Or you can send a resume if you're looking for a job, so they have this particular service It costs one dollar they help you to prepare your resume and help to send it for you if you're looking for a job And they charge you one dollar for that so it's interesting because
08:05
It turned from games To internet access and then it's becoming a sort of a public interest office in which you can actually do public interest stuff And they charge you a very low price for that
08:21
So that's the the first point of my presentation just to give you an idea about what's going on in the country So it takes me to the second part of my presentation In which I would like to talk about a more Comprehensive phenomenon of the appropriation
08:42
of technology By the peripheries and by that I mean not only the brazilian peripheries, but the global peripheries So what's going on? Is that computers? internet digital technology are getting To poor regions geographical social peripheries and people are getting really creative
09:03
About the way they use this technology in order to create stuff. So basically what's going on in brazil Is part of this research that i've been doing for the past five years and the research continues It's called open business So basically in this research
09:22
We worked in many countries not only brazil, but also colombia mexico argentina and nigeria And we wanted to know What was happening when people appropriated technology especially in their peripheries in each of? These countries so basically we did a lot of research about the nigeria films
09:45
Industry i'm not going to talk about this but it's today but it's a fascinating case We also work like with colombia and mexico with their music industries that are emerging out of the This appropriation of technology and of course, we worked a lot with brazil
10:02
In brazil the research that we did is about this particular music scene That is called techno braga so basically braga in portuguese means Kichi means cheesy It means like very romantic music very good to dance together like with your boyfriend or girlfriend
10:25
uh, very like, uh People fall in love listening to these braga songs mixed with techno especially techno beats from the 80s So basically what happened is that people in these poor areas of the country they started using computers
10:42
To create this new rhythm that became extremely popular and they Then emerged the so-called techno braga Just to give you an example Every year this techno braga scene it releases 400 cds per year
11:00
To give a comparison like sony bmg that is the largest record label in brazil Releases approximately 12 cds per year So basically the four major labels in brazil together Release approximately 80 cds per year while these guys in a very poor area
11:21
they are releasing 400 cds and 100 dvds every year so it's not only a curiosity Phenomenal, but it's also a very important economic Phenomenal Very strong one in a sense that it makes a lot of money The funny thing is if you go to a store
11:41
To buy one of these techno braga cds you will not find them Because what happened in this scene is that the techno braga musicians? Made a deal directly with the street vendors The same guys who sell pirated materials So basically they somehow skipped the intermediaries
12:03
And they started delivering their music cds directly to the guys in the streets who are selling Britney spear cds or more recently lady gaga cds or whatever So basically these guys made a deal with these street vendors And gave their cds away for these guys to distribute them in the streets
12:25
So pay attention because it's not piracy They have deliberately Given their music to be spread out by this huge network of street vendors that before Used to work only with piracy. So that's what started to be
12:43
In the techno braga industry. So how do they make money? They make money pretty much by playing live in the so-called sound system parties, it's a sort of uh, a part in which you have a lot of equipment you have it's very interesting because
13:00
The different sound system companies they compete among each other to see who has the most updated equipment the most cutting edge equipment, so it's a sort of a competition a race For cutting edge technology and there is really a coat of technology So basically every year when the new equipment comes they have to buy equipment all the time
13:24
It comes from the sky in a special party and people clap So it's a very interesting thing to see how there is a coat of technology going on there And these parties that take place in very poor areas They are very intensive in terms of how they use technology. So basically you see
13:43
the different groups You know enjoying the music and like participating in these parties and they are very important from the economics Of how uh, the musicals these pictures are actually taken by henrik motech that is in the uh crowd here and basically
14:02
If you want to see where the cds are sold basically, this is the place So you don't see the cds in a store you basically see them In places like that being sold in the streets directly through the street vendors. So basically i'm going to give you very broadly
14:21
an overview of how the techno braga market works economically because This same model is pretty much the rule for a lot of the musical production that goes on Around the world. So basically Let's see how it works. It all starts with the artists and djs
14:42
They go to a studio that is generally a domestic studio in which you Pay the owner of the studio probably thirty dollars in order to record your songs You get your materials From the dj and basically then you give them to the street vendors in the streets
15:04
So there is no money going up from the street vendors back to the artists They simply deliberately give their cds and that's it So the public in itself It buys the cds From the distributors and the street vendors
15:21
and it also The the artists when they play live They are paid either by the sound system parties or by the concert halls And the public in itself Pays the sound systems in the concert hall. So the money goes like that to the artist Another very important thing that we realized when we did our research
15:44
Is that this is a leveraged market in economic terms So basically there is a party investor. There is a guy who's either An investor in terms of equity or a guy who loans money to the people organizing the parties
16:01
So he receives either interests or dividends out of these investments So it's a very interesting thing because it allows the sound system parties to buy the equipments to invest Uh in laser beams in like very expensive Gadgets, so that's an important thing in the whole industry
16:21
And another thing that we realized that is actually very important Is that the public they buy cds and dvds? Also directly from the artists and the djs And that's a very important thing because these are two separated markets the cds and dvds that are sold
16:42
By the artists do not compete with the cds and dvds that are sold in the streets So this is a very interesting thing because the cds that are sold by the artists are more expensive They come like with graphic material sometimes the lyrics And the cds that are sold in the streets are a sort of a generic type of cd in which
17:04
They come in a plastic bag without any sort of printed materials. It's only the music and that's it It's interesting how the market divided And how the artists are actually able to capture the present value of playing live
17:20
So basically when you play live and you sell cds That's when you actually make money by selling them right away to your public that just saw your live presentation So the techno braga musicians, they really understood Uh this very well and started like capturing the value of playing live And another important thing
17:41
About this is that this is a very innovative market So basically it adapts very easily to the changes in technology and to the changes In how people Create new ways i'm going to talk a little bit about this In a few minutes, but if there is one word that can describe the techno braga market this word is innovation
18:04
So basically they didn't lose time when digital technology came they appropriated it immediately They understood that by making your music popular It's possible to make money by other ways and they organize their markets precisely that way
18:21
So basically this is a very interesting lesson and phenomenon that they learned very quickly in terms of not lagging behind in terms of innovation and digital technology So as I mentioned to you This is a very popular market And it's so popular that a recent research
18:44
Made in brazil about who were the most popular artists in the country It's a nationwide research Realized that the number one artist in the country is a product of this braga scene
19:01
It's an artist named calypso And the interesting thing is that among the 10 most popular artists in the country all the three artists Are a product of this network Of doing business in a different way that is the same as the techno braga
19:21
So basically this is important because it indicates that the public sphere is changing very much in brazil In the sense that in order to become successful You do not need the radios the tvs The traditional media anymore. You already have a different network, which is widespread
19:43
Through the street vendors to the internet to the land houses that already has its own power To create the the phenomenons of fame and artists themselves So this indicates a very profound transformation in terms of public sphere in a country like brazil
20:01
This is very interesting because this year we are going to have elections in the country So it's going to be probably the first elections in which it will be Objectively possible to measure the impact of these new emerging networks in terms of like political changes So it's a very interesting year for the country because these new networks that emerged in the past three years
20:25
They are going to be put Under test And it will be able to see how much the public sphere has changed in terms of how is it possible to create? Another system of communication in parallel through the traditional media. So I think this is also important in this sense
20:45
And as I mentioned to you This type of music and this type of scene It's basically not only about techno braga But it's the type of way of doing business in many other parts of the world so it's pretty much safe to say that
21:04
a Very significant portion of the way that music is made and listened in the world of today Follows the same model of the techno braga. So inside brazil you will have examples like for instance Funky which is another different style. You have examples like fojo another music style as well
21:25
This other one lambadong is a genius. These are all music scenes that follow the same style of doing business of the techno braga And it's important to mention that this is also a phenomenon of the global peripheries
21:42
So it's not only about brazil the same template for doing business This way is also applied for instance In the kuduru style in angola, which is a very danceable electronic style music from angola The bubbling style from suriname which has also a very interesting connection with rotterdam
22:05
So it's interesting because it's an international Dancing electronic style that connects the two countries same way of doing business The champeta in colombia, it's also a style of music from colombia the kuwaito in south africa, it's a sort of a
22:24
South african hip-hop style and it's basically the same way that the techno braga was created Was pretty much the way the kuwaito was created Cupedicale in ivory coast is another example And the cumbia vigiera in argentina
22:42
I would like to stop a little bit at the cumbia vigiera because this is one of the most recent parts uh of our research in brazil and basically The results that we got from argentina indicate pretty much. What is the future of these types of scenes?
23:01
So I really believe cumbia vigiera is representative for us to see what's coming next So let me explain a little bit. What is cumbia vigiera? cumbia is a very Popular style a traditional style in latin america It's basically popular in all the latin american countries with the exception of one which is brazil
23:23
Brazil doesn't like cumbia very much. It prefers samba But everywhere else cumbia is the let's say common denominator in terms of music in the country This is the traditional cumbia So it's a group like los sombras the argentina
23:40
and basically it's Very traditional way of dressing very conservative in a sense, but this is the traditional cumbia So what the cumbia vigiera did was basically to take away all the traditional things about cumbia And mix it with hip-hop
24:01
Creating a very important urban rhythm uh in terms of like A very a rhythm that is very connected to the street life to the way that people live in the poor neighborhoods In the big cities of argentina, especially benos Aires. So it's a very interesting thing because it's a
24:22
Music made by poor people using electronic instruments in most of the cases for poor people in the peripheries And talking about violence drugs with very hard lyrics and is extremely popular In a city like buenos Aires. So this is the the cumbia vigiera
24:42
Uh, the interesting thing about the cumbia is that it started just like techno braga but the street vendors became obsolete So basically they evolved to a point in which they do not need the street vendors anymore All the music is circulated
25:03
By means of websites like this one that is called mundo cumbiero Or websites like this one You probably might not like the way these websites are designed And that's natural because they are not designed for you But it's the way that people who like cumbia vigiera like their websites to be designed. I love that one because they put
25:26
a web chat Right in the front page of the Website so you can chat with your friends while you download the cumbia vigiera songs. So this is a very interesting thing It moved from the street vendors to the internet and then it moved once again
25:44
It moved to cell phones using bluetooth So basically the number one way in which cumbia vigiera is circulated In buenos Aires today is by means of bluetooth So we did this interview with this singer. His name is el cave
26:02
Which is a short for el cavernicola the caveman And this caveman guy He said the following that his dream Is to go to a concert and get a machine in which he can tell everyone in the concert turn on your cell phones
26:20
And when the people do that he can broadcast His entire music collection like all his cds all his songs so that people can download them immediately using bluetooth In this particular concert. So basically it's very interesting because If you look for the traditional music industry, you cannot find a service
26:42
That sells you music through bluetooth in brazil or argentina, but if you look to the Musicians in the poor areas and in the peripheries they have been doing that for quite a long time right now So basically this is a tale about innovation gets first in this peripheries and then after maybe
27:03
Possibly it can get uh appropriated by the traditional industry and so it goes so the future of these peripheral Scenes is pretty much similar to the future of cumbia vidiera cumbia vidiera represents what techno braga is becoming
27:21
It represents with all the other scenes that I mentioned are also becoming so it's pretty much changing quite fast in terms of how they do their businesses, so Another important thing is this concept of internet artists So basically you might think here who are the the german internet artists globally you might think of
27:46
Arctic monkeys lily allen and other artists that have become all these guys They only emerged because of the internet so they became like labeled as internet artists What does it mean to be an internet artist in a developing country like brazil? So if you ask?
28:05
someone In brazil who is the brazilian internet artist? They will tell you that this girl over there Her name is malu She is the poster child of being an internet child in brazil an internet artist in brazil
28:24
But no one Is going to tell you that a band like phantasmo Is also an internet artist in brazil because phantasmo is not popular Among the middle class in the upper middle class It's only popular with the lower classes lower economic classes in the country
28:44
And never ever people will think about them as an internet band But then if you compare the numbers About internet presence between maluma galleys and phantasmo. The numbers are pretty much interesting In terms of social networks the most popular network in brazil is orca
29:06
and maluma galleys has 140 communities the largest of them with 27 000 members While phantasmo has 810 communities with the largest one being 35 000 members
29:22
Maluma galleys in the traditional media. She has 77 artists 77 articles while phantasmo has five and basically in very much local newspapers in terms of myspace hits Malu has 2.5 million hits
29:42
Uh phantasmo has none whatsoever because these bands of the peripheries they do not use myspace They don't like myspace they prefer social networks and they prefer youtube In order to to make their music available and Last if you compare the most viewed video by malu
30:04
It's five hundred and thirty two thousand views And it's a tv show presentation. So she's on tv like presenting live And the most viewed video by phantasmo is 1.2 million views And it's actually a video that was not even made by the band
30:23
It's a photo montage made by a fan that someone just uploaded at youtube and it quickly got 1.2 million views. So this is not the exception This is the rule. I wish I had the time here to navigate at youtube with you
30:42
To show you the artists that are considered famous in brazil and what is their web presence? What is their number of hits at youtube and then I would navigate at youtube with you With the peripheral artists with the artists from the peripheries and you will see that the rule is that they are much bigger
31:01
Than the traditional artists that have a strong presence in the media So my point is you have the traditional media one side and you have these artists emerging online On the other side which are so much bigger than the traditional media artists So this is something to think about because it represents a change in terms of public sphere
31:25
finally My last part of my presentation Is going to be about something else completely different from what I said before I would like to tell you this story about a new law That is going to be approved it's in the process of being approved and built in brazil
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That is a law for the internet And not against the internet or criminalizing the internet or restricting internet rights As is the case in many other countries of the world. So basically what brazil is doing right now
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Is that it's creating a law that has become known as the marco sivio It means a civil rights based Legislation for the internet or in other words taking rights seriously online So this is something that is going on right now in the country
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And if you think about the way this law is built You know the sentence in which people never know how laws and sausages are made Well in brazil laws are generally made by people like that seated in a room with very limited participation With no real feedback from the brazilian society and this particular law is trying to change that and actually
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changing that So basically what the marco siviu the civil rights legislation for the brazilian internet is doing is creating With the support of the ministry of justice and with the center that I direct in brazil the center for technology and society
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This is actually when the project was launched Three months ago This is me That is the ministry of justice and i'm going to save you about the other guys in the room I'm not going to tell you about them. But basically just to tell you that this is a
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governmental sponsored legislation That is taking place in the country that is being built from the bottom up Collaboratively, how is that being done? Well first thing was to launch a public discussion about principles
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so during 45 days We posted the document online using a special platform in which we posted the following issues Privacy freedom of speech rights of access safe harbors net neutrality and open data So basically we wrote a text
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Said we want to do a new law in brazil. How would you like it to be? Taking into account these particular issues and then we posted it online for 45 days The turnout of the participation was really really impressive. So basically this first 45 days
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was about principles Based on that discussion We then wrote the piece of law We wrote the actual text of law with article one article two article three And it's just been posted online on april 8th So less than one week ago this law that was built
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Based on this discussion that took place publicly was posted online So we now have the text of a legislation and it's going to be Open for comments for another 45 days So basically for additional 45 days, you can also comment the exact text of the law
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So you might ask well, that's great This is very easy for brazil because brazil is so favorable to this idea of free culture But that's not actually true Because the way we got where we are today Was basically because of a lot of public struggles in order to criminalize the internet in the country
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So basically in the past six or seven years brazil has been dealing with all sorts of proposals that were very Pretty much arbitrary. So for instance one proposal by this senator called eduardo azerido
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That became actually known as the azerido law That proposed to criminalize the internet in the country in a very comprehensive way just to give you an idea if you unlocked Your iphone in brazil you would have four years in jail
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So basically they were going to criminalize very trivial activities Uh that were taking place such as unlocking an iphone or downloading content online Violating terms of use you could get actually four years in jail for doing that and believe me You don't want to spend four years in a brazilian jail
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So basically, this is the situation That we were facing before so all sorts of crazy proposals trying to Create like from three strikes to a complete prohibition of using the internet in political campaigns This was the regulatory environment in the country The thing is because of this radicalization
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Because of these proposals for criminalization the brazilian civil society actually got together So we had a sort of a mobilizing effect in which everyone was actually trying to respond to these threats of criminalization And the fact that civil society got together was very strong. So basically
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Um What happens is a lot of the newspapers started like printing articles about how this criminalization was wrong Taken up on the fact that criminal that civil society was fighting against the situation
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So lots of articles were published saying the internet should not be regulated criminally It should be regulated from a civil rights Perspective we should protect privacy. We should protect freedom of speech And not criminalize the way that people use the internet. So it's pretty much against
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The global trend that we see in many countries like france New zealand australia korea in which you have proposals such as the three strikes law the digital economy bill In england and so it goes it goes pretty much against this trend because of the fact that
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Responding to the threat of criminalization civil society got together and actually started to fight against these proposals and proposing a civil rights based Regulation that was actually protecting the internet principles as it is. So basically Uh, we've been having a lot of results and a lot of participation
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The first phase had a lot of comments like so we have more than 800 Substantive comments Uh, we also included like a twitter stream in the process of making the law This is the official website at the government So in one side you see the comments from people in the other side, you see what people are talking about this
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micro cvo idea on twitter like in real time And uh, you had the participation of a lot of important institutions like the newspaper association the broadcaster association The brazilian bar association, so it's a very interesting thing because it really got
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Legitimized in the way that the process was built And in the second phase I mentioned to you that we opened it one week ago. We already had 260 comments in one week. So basically we believe that this second phase is going to be even more
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Participatory than the previous phase had been and it was already very good so What is not included in this legislation what we are not talking about? Because we couldn't be much ambitious because otherwise you were going to be
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Failing along your process if you had too much ambition, it didn't it was not going to work. So we left behind copyright issues Telecommunication issues and personal data issues why Because copyright issues already has its own process
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Going on. So the ministry of culture in brazil already has For three years a process for reforming the brazilian copyright law and making it more Friendly to the internet so we didn't want to interfere in that particular process Telecommunications issues is also left behind and personal data
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Just like copyright has its own process going on at the ministry of justice. So basically We left these issues behind in order to make this Project for a civil rights legislation to be possible in some
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Summarizing what I had to say if this law is passed and Possibly it's going to be passed. Hopefully still this year We are going to have a new collective right emerging in brazil It's a right that has to do with seeing the internet as a fundamental
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Issue as something that cannot be disconnected that everyone is entitled to have and more important than that A collective right to protect the internet freedoms and principles As we know today as we have known for the past years In a way that they are protected from threats such as the the absence of net neutrality
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Criminalization threats to freedom of speech so keeping the liberties in the internet Protected from all sorts of threats that might come in the future from pressures coming from everywhere So if you are interested, this is the website
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Of the project It's going to be there is going to be an english translation of the law. The law currently has 33 articles An english translation is going to post it either today or tomorrow So if you want to follow and see what is the proposal that brazil is proposing for the internet? This is the place to go to take a look
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And that's all I have for you today. Thank you very much Thank you Hello, my name is henrik, thank you ronaldo for your great presentation
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I have a quick question How do you fix the representational problem in the process of building this collaborative law because that's always the problem of these platforms Um, and I find that really fascinating how to fix that problem
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So if you can elaborate a bit on that, I would be most grateful. That's a great question so basically what happens is The text of the law is going to be built collaboratively But once it's finished, it's going to be sent to congress It's going to be sent to the same guys wearing a tie that actually represent the people in brazil
43:02
so basically what the Civil legislation that is being proposed thus Is to create a very legitimized text That represents of course with its imperfections The discussions that took place during the process
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This is going to be Presented to the congress and then it will follow its natural way of being approved inside the congress So basically it's a mixed way of designing a law one. It's open without its imperfections And the other one is being to be Going to be decided by the congress, which you know is perfect. There is no problems. There's no flaws
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So it's going to be decided inside the congress, so it's a mixed way of designing a law
44:00
moment Thank thanks a lot for your presentation. I really enjoyed it I'm curious About the periphery and political participation as you said these the people in the periphery
44:25
Both urban and rural areas are very innovative in their ways of engaging technologies I'm curious When it for example, you said that civil society is strongly Objected to certain restrictions. I'm curious
44:41
Did people in the periphery also engage in this kind of process? And if yes how and also The people who use the platform that you provide for the law you named a couple of institutions, but do you have any data? on Other groups or is it again just a middle class thing?
45:02
That's a great question, uh, i'm not sure if you got the first part of my presentation about the land houses So basically what's going on in brazil? Is that you have these? small shops Offering internet access in very remote and poor neighborhoods And they are basically present all over the country in all the cities and pretty much a great deal of the poor neighborhoods
45:27
and one of the partners that actually Participated and are participating a lot in this process is the land house association So basically you're concerned that but our people from the periphery is participating
45:41
The answer is yes through the land houses and throughout the land house association that is pretty much very present in Many places and cities in the country. Of course, this representation is not perfect. There is a Center of gravity that is definitely about people who have traditional internet access for instance the middle class
46:06
but It's safe to say that there has also been a participation from the lower classes as well throughout the land houses Hi, thanks very much for your talk. Um, two questions one is um what you did with
46:24
Orkut and facebook maybe other services to go along with the marco Um civil bill, um, and also why do you think um with a few notable exceptions, um the rest of the world's music, um industry hasn't really taken on brazil's
46:43
new emerging model So your question about orkut is what is the role about it in this political process? Is that it? Okay, so basically Brazil has a very interesting position in terms of social networking because it has orkut
47:01
Orkut is not famous anywhere else It's a google project But it only took off actually in brazil and the funny thing is that it took off in brazil Probably three or four years before facebook was what it is, uh in the united states for instance So basically the same field of connectivity That people in the us have right now because of facebook we had it in brazil in 2005
47:24
So it's a very interesting phenomenon because the brazilian society those who have access to the internet really got connected quickly To orkut. So basically the rule is as follows Whatever you do online That you want to have a significant impact. You cannot ignore orkut in brazil. So faces facebook is really small
47:46
It's actually very interesting about what's going on because Orkut Really got appropriated by people in the peripheries So you have like have like a lot of poor people actually going to orkut in a very strong presence at orkut today
48:02
And what's going on? Is that the upper middle class is actually fleeing to facebook. So facebook is still small in the country The numbers vary but it's something around five percent while orkut has 90 percent of the social network market so basically this phenomenon is very interesting because
48:21
When the periphery comes there and orkut gets really really interesting then people start fleeing for facebook The people in the from the upper middle class because it wants a sort of a more gentrified Environment for connecting so it's a very interesting thing that that is going on and Of course the marcus view has to have a presence at orkut so basically
48:44
Spontaneously throughout communities it's being discussed inside of orkut as well and it's an important part to it And it's also pretty much about twitter because twitter is really also picking up in brazil is becoming really important for the brazilian society So I believe the there are three pillars of public sphere in the brazilian society actually four
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Orkut youtube twitter And msn the microsoft messenger which basically everyone especially in the peripheries use in brazil if you have access As for your second question
49:23
Can you remind me? Sorry? Oh, yeah. Okay. So if I understood it, right Why the music industry has not for instance captured the value of these Other industries that emerge from the the bottom up
49:42
It's a very interesting thing. So basically if you take the most popular artist in the braga scene Which is banda calypso they don't have a record label, but they have a plane So they make a lot of money and they have been offered deals with the record labels So they came to them and they said well, I want you to sign with us and they said no
50:04
Because the idea of business models that they have is incompatible with the ways that the traditional Record labels do business. So it's interesting because the very idea of success Has changed pretty much in brazil because being successful
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Is no longer being hired by a record label But becoming a success in the sense that calypso has become success on your own Dealing with a different type of network So a lot of young artists they aspire much more to being like calypso Than being hired like to to buy a record label or something
50:47
Thanks for your presentation um, you mentioned an interesting phenomenon, which is That there is a shift it seems in brazil from from criminalizing Um internet issues into moving in more to civil law while at the same time the rest of the world seems to increasingly criminalize
51:06
The same issues. So what I was wondering is whether you anticipate at some point in brazil a similar tendency And if so, uh, why not deal with some of them at least already right now?
51:22
It's a great question, uh, the thing is The pressures about criminalization they didn't disappear they are still there and they are still increasing The only thing that changed is that something else came up, which is a pressure Coming not from an institution But from civil society itself in order not to criminalize and to make it based on civil rights. So protecting civil rights
51:46
So in terms of pressures, they are not going to go away actually a country like brazil The amount of pressure it receives for instance from intellectual property issues Like every year the united states releases the report called special 301 in which it gives a grade
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To countries everywhere if you're being a good boy or a bad boy in terms of intellectual property compliance So this is a very strong instrument of prop of pressure in brazil It every year receives like a report from the us and it has to mobilize public money in order to create
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Institutions to fight against privacy and that's exactly what the country has been doing for the past 80 years So it's a very interesting thing because these pressures they are not going to go away The only thing that is new in this scenario is the fact that something else came up, which is the fact that civil society
52:43
organized at least try To to countering these pressures that are going to remain there for for a long time still Thank you
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