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From Soil Grids and Spectral Analysis to Soil Mineral Composition Estimates

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From Soil Grids and Spectral Analysis to Soil Mineral Composition Estimates
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30
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31
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Abstract
In response to the European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR), EU member states must verify that imported forest risk commodities (FRCs) such as coffee, cacao, soy, and timber are not sourced from deforested land. At Meise Botanic Garden, we have established an ICP-OES laboratory to determine the mineral composition of these commodities. In collaboration with Ghent University, we further enhance this analysis using ICP-MS and isotope ratio techniques. We connect our results to evaluation platforms and databases as those provided by World Forest ID. To further contextualize our findings and assess the plausibility of declared origins, we complement the lab work with dry lab estimations, drawing on global soil grids and satellite-derived spectral data to approximate local soil mineral compositions. We also present preliminary insights into how post-harvest processing, particularly decaffeination of coffee, alters the mineral signature of the final product and complicates provenance verification. This hybrid approach provides a valuable indication of origin in cases where our reference database is still under development. Ultimately, the integration of laboratory analysis with geospatial estimation offers a pragmatic tool for EUDR enforcement and opens new pathways for innovation in EU Green Deal-aligned services.